CH 19 BLOOD

Question 1

the agranular leukocyte (agranulocyte) that is capable of phagocytosis is the ______

Answer 1

Monocyte

Question 2

people with type “o” blood are considered “universal donors” for transfusions because

Answer 2

their blood lacks A and B antigen

Question 3

the white blood cell type that most rapidly increases in number after a bacterial infection is the

Answer 3

neutrophils

Question 4

the common pathway in coagulation ends with

Answer 4

conversion of soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin

Question 5

most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by

Answer 5

the liver

Question 6

the percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the

Answer 6

hematocrit

Question 7

the combination of plasma and formed elements is called

Answer 7

whole blood

Question 8

a person who has a low blood volume is said to be

Answer 8

hypovolemic

Question 9

the chief difference between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the

Answer 9

concentration of proteins

Question 10

are antibodies a formed element of blood?

Answer 10

no

Question 11

the most abundant solute in plasma is

Answer 11

protein

Question 12

the function of hemoglobin is to

Answer 12

carry dissolved blood gases

Question 13

A bruise appears as a greenish spot in the skin because

Answer 13

the heme group in the hemoglobin has broken down into biliverdin.

Question 14

Each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses an atom of

Answer 14

iron

Question 15

Which of the following vitamins is needed for the formation of clotting factors?

Answer 15

vitamin K

Question 16

Which plasma protein transports fatty acids and some hormones?

Answer 16

albumin

Question 17

Which of these is not one of the formed elements of blood

Answer 17

antibodies

Question 18

The process of fibrinolysis

Answer 18

dissolves clots.

Question 19

Platelets are

Answer 19

cytoplasmic fragments of large cells

Question 20

The level of erythropoietin in the blood would rise due to all of the following, except

Answer 20

during periods of fasting.

Question 21

People with type AB blood are considered the “universal recipients” for transfusions because

Answer 21

their blood lacks A or B agglutinins.

Question 22

Platelets are pinched off from giant multinucleated cells in the bone marrow called

Answer 22

megakaryocytes

Question 23

___ involves a cascade of reactions leading to the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.

Answer 23

Coagulation

Question 24

Most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is

Answer 24

recycled to the red bone marrow.

Question 25

All the circulating red blood cells in an adult originate in the

Answer 25

red bone marrow.

Question 26

the common pathway in coagulation ends with

Answer 26

conversion of soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin

Question 27

most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by

Answer 27

the liver

Question 28

the chief difference between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the

Answer 28

concentration of protein

Question 29

are antibodies a formed element of blood?

Answer 29

no

Question 30

the most abundant solute in plasma is serum cant coagulate because the _____ has been removed transferrin is an example of what kind of plasma protein

Answer 30

protein fibrongen metalloprotein

Question 31

what plasma protein transports fatty acids and some hormones?  which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins : plasma proteins essential in body defense are the

Answer 31

Albumin liver immunoglobulins

Question 32

a plasma protein essential for blood coagulation is  the formed elements are largely produced within the _____  red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone

Answer 32

fibrinogen red bone marrow erythroprotein

Question 33

the disease sickle cell anemia is an example of what can happen is  an obstruction in blood flow to the kidneys would ultimately result in  each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses and atom of

Answer 33

a gene for adult hemoglobin is abnormal increases erythropoiesis iron

Question 34

the function of hemoglobin is to  pernicious anemia caused by a lack of intrinsic factor is specifically treated by  a bruise appears as a greenish spot in the skin because

Answer 34

carry dissolved blood gases injections of vitamin B 12 the heme group in the hemoglobin has broken down into biliverdin 

Question 35

the waste product bilirubin is produced from  most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is  the process of red blood cell production is called

Answer 35

heme molecules lacking iron recycled to the red bone marrow erythopoiesis

Question 36

each hemoglobin molecule contains  A person with a type A positive blood type can safely receive blood from O+ A- A+ but not  people with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because

Answer 36

four iron atoms B+ their blood lacks A or B antigens

Question 37

anti D antibodies are present in the blood of  granulocytes form in  the most numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are  white blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are

Answer 37

Rh negative individuals who have been exposed to the D surface antigen red bone marrow the neutrophils basophils

Question 38

____ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells  white blood cells that are increased in allergic individuals are the  eosinophils function in

Answer 38

monocytes eosinophils destroying antibody labeled antigens

Question 39

1.the blood cells involved in specific immunity are the  2. non specific immunity such as phagocytosis is a function of which blood cells?  3. the function of platelets is to assist in the  4. platelets are pinched off from giant multnucleated cells in the bone marrow called  5. platelets are  6. during fibrinolysis  7. the enzyme that dissolves fibrin is names  8. the complex process that leads to the formation of fibrin from fibrinogen is called

Answer 39

1. lymphocytes, 2. neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes 3. process called hemostasis 4. megakaryocytes 5. cytoplasmic fragments of large cells 6. clots slowly dissolve 7. plasmin 8. coagulation

Question 40

the extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by the  the intrinsic pathway of coagulation is acitvated by the  the common pathway of coagulation begins with the  some rat poisons contain a toxin that blocks the liver's ability to utilize vitamin K. animals that consume this poison would die of  a substance that activated plasminogen might be useful to cause  what vitamin is need for the formation of clotting factors?  a moving blood clot is called  the most abundant component of plasma is

Answer 40

release of tissue factor (factoryIII) by damaged endothelium (EXTRINSIC) activation of factor XII exposed to collagen (INTRINSIC) conversion of factor X to prothrombinase (COMMON) hemorrhage clot dissolution to proceed faster vitamin k an embolus water

Question 41

A hematocrit provides information on

Answer 41

formed elements abundance

Question 42

Type AB blood has which of the following characteristics

Answer 42

RBCs have both the A & B surface antigens and no ABO plasma antibodies.

Question 43

Bill wants to determine his blood type

Answer 43

Bill's plasma contains B antibodies

Question 44

Which of these proteins functions to store or transport iron?

Answer 44

ferritin, hemosiderin, and transferrin

Question 45

Most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by

Answer 45

the liver

Question 46

The average life span of red blood cell is

Answer 46

4 months

Question 47

Tissue factor (Factor III) is a factor in the( extrinsic) pathway

Answer 47

extrinsic

Question 48

A substance that activates plasminogen might be useful to

Answer 48

cause clot dissolution to proceed faster

Question 49

The conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is catalyzed by the enzyme

Answer 49

thrombin

Question 50

More than 95 percent of the protein in a red blood cell is

Answer 50

hemoglobin

Question 51

Plasma is closest in composition to

Answer 51

interstitial fluid

Question 52

A person's blood type is determined largely by the

Answer 52

presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane.

Question 53

How would removal of calcium ions from a blood sample affect coagulation?

Answer 53

coagulation would be prevented

Question 54

In case of hemorrhage, platelets are stored as a reserve in

Answer 54

the spleen

Question 55

Each hemoglobin molecule contains

Answer 55

four iron atoms

Question 56

Pacemaker cells in the SA node

Answer 56

can spontaneously depolarize.

Question 57

Put in correct order the sequence in which excitation would move through the conducting system of heart: 1. Purkinje fibers 2. AV bundle 3. AV node 4. SA node 5. bundle branches

Answer 57

4,3,2,5,1 | SA node, AVnode, AV bundle, bundle branches, Purkinje fibers

Question 58

Analysis of the electrocardiogram can reveal all of the following, except the

Answer 58

stroke volume.

Question 59

Activation of which kind of receptor causes heart rate to increase?

Answer 59

beta-one receptor

Question 60

The pulmanary veins carry blood to the

Answer 60

heart

Question 61

Coronary veins empty into the

Answer 61

RIGHT ATRIUM

Question 62

during ventricular systole, the

Answer 62

AV valves are closed.

Question 63

Heart rate is controlled by neurons of the cardiovascular center located in the

Answer 63

medulla oblongata.

Question 64

The P wave of the electrocardigram is a signal from

Answer 64

depolarization of the atria

Question 65

Depolarization of the ventricles is represented on an electrocardiogram by the

Answer 65

QRS complex.

Question 66

The visceral pericardium is the same as

Answer 66

epicardium