Ch 1a

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

Maintains normalcy in the human body

Question 2

Anatomy

Answer 2

• structure and organization

Question 3

What is anatomy?

Answer 3

-development process
- micro organization
- structure of the body

Question 4

Division of anatomy

Answer 4

• Gross anatomy
  -micro anatomy
• radiographic anatomy
• pathologic anatomy

Question 5

Gross anatomy subdivision

Answer 5

-Systemic anatomy
- regional anatomy
- surface anatomy
-embryology
- comparative anatomy

Question 6

Systemic anatomy

Answer 6

• Studies the anatomy of each functionalsystem

Question 7

Regional anatomy

Answer 7

• study anatomy region by region
  -ex head outermost skin & head (integramenty system) → skull (skeletal system )→ present micninjas made of connective-tissue system → protect the brain → brain ( nervous system) →carrying away nutrients from brain (cardiovascular systems)→gasious exchange ( respiratory system)
  -studying multiple systems together as they relate to a region

Question 8

present meninges

Answer 8

• made up of connective tissue→protective layers that are protecting the brain

Question 9

Nervous system

Answer 9

-Blood vessels that are running through the structures of the brain → bring food to the brain cells → carrying a way the waste

Question 10

How is 02 brought to the brain?

Answer 10

Via the blood

Question 11

How does 02 get into the blood?

Answer 11

Through the lungs by gasious exchange

Question 12

Surface anatomy

Answer 12

• Focuses superficial anatomic markings and internal body structures as they relate to the skin covering them
  -ex annual physical physician feels lymph nodes to ensure they are not enlarged→physician studying organs through surface anatomy

Question 13

Embryology

Answer 13

Studies developmental changes from fertilization to birth

Question 14

Comparative anatomy

Answer 14

Examines similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species
Ex cat-and human have same muscles

Question 15

Microscopic anatomy division

Answer 15

-cytology
- histology

Question 16

Cytology

Answer 16

-Study of individual cells and their internal structure

Question 17

Histology

Answer 17

Study of tissues

Question 18

Pathologic anatomy

Answer 18

Examines aratomic changes caused by disease considers both gross and micro anatomy
Similar to comparative anatomy same species health vs non healthy

Question 19

Radiographic anatomy

Answer 19

Investigates the internal structures of the body not invasive!
Ex xray / anatomical imaging l synogruphy/CT/DSA/MRI/ pet scan

Question 20

What is xray good for

Answer 20

Bones teeth and dense structures like tumors

Question 21

What are the disadvantages of xray

Answer 21

High energy radiation
Does not image sett tissue well

Question 22

Sonography

Answer 22

• Sater than X-ray
• as the wand is moved across the body high frequency ultrasound that produce an image = sonogram,

Question 23

Computed temography Ct cat scan

Answer 23

• low intensity xrays are emitted from one side of the machine pass through the body and collected by detectors on the opposite side
• continuous thins slices of images = formed
• the slices can be put together and reconstruct a 3d image of the body

Question 24

Why is the CT better than the xray

Answer 24

Because it takes many images in thin slices

Question 25

Digital substraction angiography

Answer 25

' Modified 3d technique to look @ blood vessels espicaly to see a blockage

Question 26

Why is it called subtraction?

Answer 26

B/c the image is done 2x before and after injecting an opaque medium into the blood vessels Then the before and after image will be substrate to see the blockage

Question 27

How does DSA help drs

Answer 27

Helps accurately guide the catheter to the blockage

Question 28

MRI

Answer 28

_Uses strong electro magnets → strong magnetic field that actually moves the proton in the body - soft tissues show up very clearly

Question 29

Functional MRI

Answer 29

Used to map the regions of the brain that are functional during a specific activity

Question 30

Positron emission tomography pet scan

Answer 30

_ Radioactively labled glucose is used → helps metabolically analyze tissue @any given moment -Used to see if certain types of cancers have metasizied throughout the body because cancer cells take up more glucose show as hot spots in the scan

Question 31

Divisions of physiology

Answer 31

Cell physiology Respiratory physiology Neurophysiology cardiovascular reproductive

Question 32

Cell physiology

Answer 32

Studying metabolic activities @ a cellular level

Question 33

Respiratory physiology

Answer 33

Function of respiratory system

Question 34

Neurophysiology

Answer 34

Function of the neurons the nerves

Question 35

Cardiovascular

Answer 35

Function of the heart blood vessels

Question 36

Reproductive

Answer 36

Function of the reproductive hormones t reproductive cycle

Question 37

Pathophysiology

Answer 37

Relationship btw function of organ or organ system which is normal or diseased

Question 38

How are form t function interrelated

Answer 38

Ex our lungs are made of microscopic aveoli = little sacs - alveoli have a large surface that matches their function = gas exchange _to facilitate the function the large structure= needed

Question 39

Physiology

Answer 39

Function