Ch 2

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

Basic unit of all living things. The human body is composed of trillions of cells, which vary in size and shape according to function.

Question 2

Cell membrane

Answer 2

Forms the boundary of the cell

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

Gel-like fluid inside the cell

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Largest structure within the cell, usually spherical and centrally located. It contains chromosomes for the cellular reproduction and is the control for cellular activity.

Question 5

Chromosome

Answer 5

Located in the nucleus of the cell. There are 46 in all normal human cells, the exception of mature sex cells, which have 23.

Question 6

Genes

Answer 6

Regions within the chromosomes. Each chromosome has several thousand genes that determine hereditary characteristics

Question 7

DNA

Answer 7

Comprises each gene;is genetic material that regulates the activity of the cell. DNA abbreviates Deoxyriboucleic Acid

Question 8

Tissue

Answer 8

Group of similar cells that perform a specific function

Question 9

Muscle tissue

Answer 9

Composed of cells that have a special ability to contract, usually producing movement

Question 10

Nervous tissue

Answer 10

Similar specialized cells united in the performance of a particular function; found in the the nerves, spinal cord, and brain. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling body activities

Question 11

Connective tissue

Answer 11

Connects, supports, penetrates and encases various body structures. Adipose(fat), osseous(bone) tissue, and blood are types of connective tissue. Fibrous tissue is a type of connective tissue that provides strength and stability such as in ligaments and tendons.

Question 12

Epithelial tissue

Answer 12

The major covering of the external surface of the body; forms membrane that line body cavities and organs; and is the major tissue in glands. Glandular tissue is designed to secrete such as digestive enzymes.

Question 13

Organ

Answer 13

Two or more types of tissues that together perform special body functions. For example the skin is an organ composed of epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.

Question 14

Viscera

Answer 14

Large internal organs contained in the body cavities, especially in the abdominal cavity

Question 15

System

Answer 15

Group of organs that work together to perform complex body functions. For example, the cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. It’s function is to transport nutrients and oxygen to the cells and remove carbon dioxide and other waste products