Ch. 2

Question 1

Protostomes

Answer 1

Cleavage pattern
- Sprial

Cell fate
- Determinate

Coelom formation
- Schizocoely
- Number of cavities highly variable

Mouth origin
- From the blastopore (1st to develop)

Ciliary bands
- Compound cilia from multiciliated cells
- Downstream particle capture

Question 2

Deutrostomes

Answer 2

Cleavage pattern
- Radial

Cell fate
- Indeterminate

Coelom formation
- Entercoely
- Generally in pairs of three

Mouth origin
- Never from the blastopore

Ciliary bands
- Simple cilia, one cilium per cell.
- Upstream particle capture

Question 3

Asymmetry

Answer 3

Absence of symmetry

-sponges and Placozoas

Completely lack any head (lack of cephalization)

No 1 body part needed to survive

Most are sessile

Sessile defensive Is modular body plan - repeated body sections - able to tolerate damage well

Suspension feeders

Question 4

Bilateral symmetry

Answer 4

Highly cephalized

Highly mobile

Foragers

1 plane

Question 5

Radially symmetry

Answer 5

More than 1 plane of symmetry

Weak to no cephalization (oral - aboral axis) —> greater concentration of sensory organs

Some capable of locomotion. Many sessile

Nidarians
—> ability to capture prey and be a predator due to stinging cells (some of most venomous animals are radial)

Question 6

Diploblastic

Answer 6

2 germ layers
Endoderm = gut lining
Ectoderm = skin, etc

Tend to be more simpler body plans

Question 7

Triploblastic

Answer 7

Extra germ layer

Mesoderm = muscle + skeleton

Tend to be more complex body plans