Ch 2: Acids & Bases Flashcards
Arrhenius Acid
Produces H+ ions in H2O
Arrhenius Base
Produces OH- ions in H2O
Bronsted-Lowry Acid
Proton Donor
Bronsted-Lowry Base
Proton Acceptor
What factors affect Relative Acidity?
Electronegativity of the Conjugate Base, s character of the Conjugate Base, Polarizability of the Conjugate Base, Resonance, Presence of an Electron Withdrawing Group, Presence of an Electron Donating Group
How does Electronegativity of the Conj. Base affect Relative Acidity?
More Electronegative = Higher Acidity
How does s character of the Conj. Base affect Relative Acidity?
More s character = Higher Acidity
How does Polarizability of the Conj. Base affect Relative Acidity?
More Polarizable = Higher Acidity
How does Resonance affect Relative Acidity?
Resonance = Higher Acidity
How does the presence of an Electron Withdrawing Group affect Relative Acidity?
Electron Withdrawing Group = Higher Acidity
More Electronegative E.W.G. = Higher Acidity
More E.W.G.s = Higher Acidity
How does the presence of an Electron Donating Group affect Relative Acidity?
Electron Pushing Group = Lower Acidity
More E.D.G.s = Lower Acidity
What factors affect Relative Basicity?
Electronegativity of the Proton Acceptor, Presence of an Electron Withdrawing Group, Presence of an Electron Donating Group
How does the presence of an Electron Withdrawing Group affect Relative Basicity?
Electron Withdrawing Group = Lower Basicity
How does the presence of an Electron Donating Group affect Relative Basicity?
Electron Donating Group = Higher Basicity
How does the Electronegativity of the Proton Acceptor affect Relative Acidity?
More Electronegativity = Lower Basicity
