Ch 2- Anatomy And Physiology

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

The study of the structures of the human body and the substances these structures are made of.

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

The study of the functions and activities performed by the body structures, including physical and chemical processes.

Question 3

Histology

Answer 3

The study of the structure and composition of tissue

Question 4

Cells

Answer 4

The basic unit of all living things

Question 5

Protoplasm

Answer 5

A colorless, jelly-like substance in which nutrients such as proteins, fats, carbs, mineral salts, and water are present. This is all vital to cell growth, reproduction, and self-repair

Question 6

Organelles

Answer 6

Small organs

Question 7

Nucleus

Answer 7

Dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell.

Question 8

Nucleoplasm

Answer 8

A fluid that contains proteins

Question 9

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Answer 9

This determines ourgenetic makeup, includingthe color of our eyes, skin, and hair

Question 10

Mitochondria

Answer 10

Takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and create energy for the cell.

Question 11

Adenosine triphosphate

Answer 11

Chemical energy used within the cell for metabolism

Question 12

Neurons

Answer 12

Nerve cells

Question 13

Cell membrane

Answer 13

The part of the cell that encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to enter and leave.

Question 14

Mitosis

Answer 14

The normal process of cell reproduction in human tissues that occurs when the cell divides into two identical cells called daughter cells.

Question 15

Metabolism

Answer 15

Chemical process that takes place in living organisms, converting nutrients into energy so the cell can function

Question 16

Tissue

Answer 16

Collection of similar cells that performa particular function

Question 17

Connective tissue

Answer 17

Supports, protects, and binds togetherother tissues of the body.

Question 18

Epithelial tissue

Answer 18

A protective lining on cavities of the body and surfaces of organs.

Question 19

Muscle tissue

Answer 19

Contracts and moves the various parts of the body.

Question 20

Nerve tissue

Answer 20

Carries messages through the central nervous system to control and coordinate all body functions.

Question 21

Integumentary system

Answer 21

Skin, oils, hair, nails.

Question 22

Skeletal system

Answer 22

Bones
Physical foundationof the body

Question 23

Muscular system

Answer 23

Muscles.

Question 24

Nervous system

Answer 24

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

Question 25

Circulatory system

Answer 25

Heart and blood vessels

Question 26

Immune/ lymphatic system

Answer 26

Spleen and lymph

Question 27

Endocrine system

Answer 27

Adrenal gland, pituitary gland, and pancreas.

Question 28

Reproductive system

Answer 28

Uterus, ovaries, penis, testes

Question 29

Respiratory system

Answer 29

Lungs, trachea, bronchi

Question 30

Digestive system

Answer 30

Esophagus, stomach, gallbladder, liver, small and large intestines.

Question 31

Excretory system

Answer 31

Kidneys and bladder

Question 32

Cranium

Answer 32

Oval, bony case that protects the brain, formed by 8 bones

Question 33

Occipita-ne

Answer 33

Forms the back of the skull above the nape

Question 34

Parietal bones

Answer 34

The sides and crown of the cranium

Question 35

Frontal bone

Answer 35

Forehead

Question 36

Temporal bones

Answer 36

Form the sides of the head in the ear region

Question 37

Ethmoid bone

Answer 37

Light, spongy bone between the eye sockets that forms part of the nasal cavities

Question 38

Sphenoid bone

Answer 38

Forms the sides of the eye socket

Question 39

Nasal bones

Answer 39

Form the bridge of the nose

Question 40

Lacrimal bones

Answer 40

The smallest and mostfragile bones of the face, are situated at the front inside part of the eye socket.

Question 41

Zygomatic bones

Answer 41

Cheek bones

Question 42

Maxillae bones

Answer 42

Upper jaw