ch 2 atomic structure Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is the main focus of Chapter 2 in Class 11 NCERT Chemistry?
The main focus is on ‘Structure of Atom’.
What is the basic unit of matter according to atomic theory?
The atom is the basic unit of matter.
Who proposed the Plum Pudding Model of the atom?
J.J. Thomson proposed the Plum Pudding Model.
What did Rutherford’s gold foil experiment demonstrate?
It demonstrated that atoms have a small, dense nucleus.
What are the three subatomic particles of an atom?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
What is the charge of a proton?
A proton has a positive charge.
What is the charge of an electron?
An electron has a negative charge.
True or False: Neutrons have a positive charge.
False. Neutrons have no charge.
What is the mass of a neutron compared to a proton?
A neutron has a mass approximately equal to that of a proton.
Fill in the blank: The nucleus of an atom contains ______ and ______.
protons and neutrons.
What is an atomic number?
The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus.
How is the mass number of an atom calculated?
The mass number is calculated by adding the number of protons and neutrons.
What are isotopes?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
Which subatomic particle determines the chemical properties of an atom?
Electrons determine the chemical properties.
What is the principal quantum number?
The principal quantum number indicates the energy level of an electron.
True or False: The maximum number of electrons in a shell is given by the formula 2n².
True.
What does the term ‘valence electrons’ refer to?
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.
What is the significance of the electronic configuration of an atom?
It helps determine how an atom interacts and bonds with other atoms.
What is the shape of the s orbital?
The s orbital has a spherical shape.
What is the shape of the p orbital?
The p orbital has a dumbbell shape.
What are the four types of orbitals?
s, p, d, and f orbitals.
What principle states that no two electrons can have the same set of quantum numbers?
Pauli’s Exclusion Principle.
What is Hund’s Rule?
Hund’s Rule states that electrons will occupy degenerate orbitals singly before pairing up.
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the d subshell?
The maximum number of electrons in the d subshell is 10.
