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Ap1 > Ch 2 chemistry > Flashcards

Ch 2 chemistry Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

Atom

A

The smallest stable unit of matter

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2
Q

Protons

A

A fundamental subatomic particle having a positive charge

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3
Q

Electron

A

A fundamental subatomic particle having a negative charge

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4
Q

Neutron

A

A fundamental said atomic particle having nor positive nor negative charge

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5
Q

Chemical symbol for oxygen

A

O

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6
Q

Chemical symbol for carbon

A

C

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7
Q

Chemical symbol for hydrogen

A

H

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8
Q

Chemical symbol for nitrogen

A

N

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9
Q

Chemical symbol for calcium

A

Ca

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10
Q

Chemical symbol for phosphorus

A

P

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11
Q

Chemical symbol for potassium

A

K

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12
Q

Chemical symbol for sodium

A

Na

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13
Q

Chemical symbol for chlorine

A

Cl

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14
Q

Chemical symbol for magnesium

A

Mg

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15
Q

Chemical symbol for sulfur

A

S

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16
Q

Chemical symbol for iron

A

Fe

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17
Q

Chemical symbol for iodine

A

I

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18
Q

Cation

A

I am with positive charge

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19
Q

Anion

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A

I am with negative charge

20
Q

What is a compound

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A

Pure chemical substance made up of Atoms of two or more different elements

21
Q

What is ionic bond

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A

Chemical bond created by The electrical attraction between anions and cations

22
Q

What is a covalent bond

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A

A chemical bonds between Atoms that involves sharing electrons

23
Q

What is a molecule

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A

A chemical structure containing two or more atoms that are bonded together by sharing electrons

24
Q

Types of matter and examples

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A

Solid liquid gas

Books water oxygen

25
What is a Reactant
Items in reacting substances in chemical reaction
26
What are products
The different substances formed from chemical reaction
27
What is metabolism
The sum of all bio chemical process underway within the human body at any moment. anabolism and catabolism
28
What is work
Movement of an object or a change in physical structure a matter
29
What is energy
Capacity to do work; movement or physical change cannot take place without energy
30
What is Kinetic Energy
Energy of motion; can be transferred to another update and do work
31
What is Potential energy
Stored energy; potential to do work
32
What is decomposition/catabolism reaction
Reactions breakdown a molecule into smaller fragments
33
What is synthesis/anabolism reaction
Small molecules to large molecules
34
What is activation energy
The amount of energy required to start a reaction
35
What are enzymes
Pro Tien that catalyzes a specific biochemical reaction
36
What are catalyst
Compound that speed up reactions
37
What is the pH scale
Scale that indicates hydrogen ion concentration
38
What is ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
Hi Energy compound with three phosphates
39
Reading page 27
Atoms are basic particles of matter. chemistry is science of the structure of matter. matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. mass is the amount of material in the matter. physical property or gravity weight. Add Tim is this most stable unit of matter. Mass of an atom is determined by the protons and electrons in the nucleus.
40
Reading page 32
Atoms- H, 2H Molecules- H2, H2O Reactions- 2H+O=H2O Ions-Na+, Cl-, Ca2+
41
Reading page 35 and 36
States of matter Solid-keep their shape at ordinary temperature and pressure. Liquid-shape of a liquid is determined by its container they only keep constant volume. Gas- no constant volume no fixed shape can be compressed and expanded WATER-can be liquid solid and gas
42
Reading page 36
Basic energy concepts. Energy cannot be destroyed only converted one to the other. Potential energy and kinetic energy Are not 100% efficient. Energy is released as heat; cannot be captured or used as work.
43
Reading page 37
Catabolism- covalent bond(potential energy) is broken, it releases kinetic energy that can to work. Anabolism- takes energy to make chemical bond
44
Reading page 38
Activation energy-need enzymes Enzymes- lower activation Energy(help) Catalyst- accelerate rate or speed up reactions does not affect the end product
45
Page 39 and 40
Physiological systems depend on water - Solubility - Reactivity - high heat capacity - lubrication
46
Page 41
Hydrophilic-molecule that interacts readily with the water molecules Hydrophobic-molecules that do not readily interact with water molecules
47
Page 42+43
PH scale Neutral 7, hydrogen ions equal hydroxide ions Acidic below 7, more hydrogen ions Basic above 7, more hydroxide ions

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