ch 2: concepts of production management and operations management

Question 1

a. High variety of products and low volume.

Answer 1

Job Shop Manufacturing

Question 2

b. Use of general-purpose machines and facilities

Answer 2

Job Shop Manufacturing

Question 3

c. Highly skilled operations who can take up each
job as a challenge because of uniqueness,.

Answer 3

Job Shop Manufacturing

Question 4

d. Large inventory of materials, tools, parts.

Answer 4

Job Shop Manufacturing

Question 5

e. Detailed planning is essential for sequencing
the requirements of each product, capacities
for each work center and order priorities

Answer 5

Job Shop Manufacturing

Question 6

a. Because of general purpose machines and facilities variety of products can be produced. b. Operators will become more skilled and competent, as each job gives them learning opportunities. c. Full potential of operators can be utilized. d. Opportunity exists for creative method and innovative ideas.

Answer 6

Job Shop Manufacturing

Question 7

b. Operators will become more skilled and competent, as each job gives them learning opportunities.

Answer 7

Job Shop Manufacturing

Question 8

c. Full potential of operators can be utilized. d. Opportunity exists for creative method and innovative ideas.

Answer 8

Job Shop Manufacturing

Question 9

a. Higher cost due to frequent set up changes.

Answer 9

Job Shop Manufacturing

Question 10

d. Large space requirement.

Answer 10

Job Shop Manufacturing

Question 10

a. When there is shorter production runs.

Answer 10

Batch Manufacturing

Question 10

b. Higher level of inventory at all levels and hence higher inventory cost.

Answer 10

Job Shop Manufacturing

Question 11

c. Production planning is complicated.

Answer 11

Job Shop Manufacturing

Question 12

b. When plant and machinery are flexible.

Answer 12

Batch Manufacturing

Question 13

c. When plant and machinery set up is used for the production of item in a batch and change of set up is required for processing the next batch. d. When manufacturing lead time and cost are lower as compared to job order production

Answer 13

Batch Manufacturing

Question 14

d. When manufacturing lead time and cost are lower as compared to job order production

Answer 14

Batch Manufacturing

Question 15

a. Better utilization of plant and machinery.

Answer 15

Batch Manufacturing

Question 16

c. Cost per unit is lower as compared to job order production.

Answer 16

Batch Manufacturing

Question 16

b. Promotes functional specialization.

Answer 16

Batch Manufacturing

Question 17

d. Lower investment in plant and machinery.

Answer 17

Batch Manufacturing

Question 18

e. Flexibility to accommodate and process number of products.

Answer 18

Batch Manufacturing

Question 19

f. Job satisfaction exists for operators.

Answer 19

Batch Manufacturing

Question 20

a. Material handling is complex because of irregular and longer flows.

Answer 20

Batch Manufacturing

Question 21

b. Production planning and control is complex.

Answer 21

Batch Manufacturing

Question 22

c. Work in process inventory is higher compared to continuous production.

Answer 22

Batch Manufacturing

Question 23

a. zero flexibility

Answer 23

Process Production

Question 23

d. Higher set up costs due to frequent changes in set up.

Answer 23

Batch Manufacturing

Question 24

b. no intervention(?)

Answer 24

Process Production

Question 25

c. single product

Answer 25

Process Production

Question 26

a. Unique, high-quality products are made.

Answer 26

Project Production

Question 27

b. Workers are often motivated and take pride in their work

Answer 27

Project Production

Question 27

act of either manufacturing or mining or growing of goods (commodities) generally in bulk for trade

Answer 27

PRODUCTION FUNCTION

Question 28

c. Products are made according to individual customer needs and improve customer satisfaction

Answer 28

Project Production

Question 29

b. Production can take a long time and can have higher production costs

Answer 29

Project Production

Question 29

a. Very labor-intensive, so selling prices are usually higher

Answer 29

Project Production

Question 30

d. Production is easy to organize.

Answer 30

Project Production

Question 31

is a method employed for making or providing essential goods and services for consumers.

Answer 31

PRODUCTION FUNCTION

Question 32

The step-by step conversion of one form or material into another form through manual, chemical, or mechanical process

Answer 32

PRODUCTION FUNCTION

Question 32

Manufacturing of large quantities of standardized products at low cost per unit

Answer 32

Mass/Line Production

Question 32

Converts inputs to provide outputs which are required by customers.

Answer 32

OPERATING SYSTEM

Question 33

It is a value - added process

Answer 33

PRODUCTION FUNCTION

Question 33

Process by which goods and services are created.

Answer 33

PRODUCTION FUNCTION

Question 33

a process in which parts are assembled in an optimal order to create a finished product. Developed by the Ford Motor Company who implemented it into the creation of the Model -T

Answer 33

Mass/Line Production

Question 34

Ray Wild defines operating system as, “An operating system is a configuration of resources combined for the provision of goods or services”.

Answer 34

OPERATING SYSTEM

Question 35

Everett E. Adam & Ronald J. Ebert define operating system as, “An operating system (function) of an organization is the part of an organization that produces the organization’s physical goods and service”.

Answer 35

OPERATING SYSTEM

Question 36

A Framework for Managing Operations

Answer 36

Planning, Organizing, Conversion Process

Question 36

Differences bet. Manufacturing Operations and Service Operations

Answer 36

1.Degree of customer contact 2.Labor content of jobs 3.Measurement of productivity 4.Quality assurance 5.Inventory 6.Wages 7.Ability to Patent

Question 37

Scope of Production and Operations Management

Answer 37

1. Location of Facilities 2. Plant Layout and Material Handling 3. Product Design 4. Process Design 5. Production Planning & Controlling 6. Quality Control 7. Material Management 8. Maintenance Management

Question 38

is the process of identifying the best geographic location for a service or production facility. Location of plants should be based on the company’s expansion plan and policy, diversification for the products, changing sources of raw materials and many other factors.

Answer 38

Location of Facilities

Question 38

Location of plants should be based on the company’s expansion plan and policy, diversification for the products, changing sources of raw materials and many other factors.

Answer 38

Location of Facilities

Question 39

refers to the physical arrangement of facilities. It is the configuration of departments, work centers and equipment in the conversion process.

Answer 39

Plant layout

Question 40

refers to the moving of materials from the storeroom to the machine and from one machine to the next during the process of manufacture. It is also defined as the art and science of moving, packing and storing of products in any form.

Answer 40

Material Handling

Question 41

It is also defined as the art and science of moving, packing and storing of products in any form.

Answer 41

Material Handling

Question 42

Developing the new products and launching them in market is the biggest challenge faced by the organizations. The entire process of need identification to physical manufacturers of product involves three functions: marketing, product development, and manufacturing.

Answer 42

Product design

Question 42

deals with conversion of ideas into reality.

Answer 42

Product design

Question 43

is a macroscopic decision-making of an overall process route for converting the raw material into finished goods.

Answer 43

Process Design

Question 44

These decisions encompass the selection of a process, choice of technology, process flow analysis and layout of the facilities.

Answer 44

Process Design

Question 45

can be defined as the process of planning the production in advance, setting the exact route of each item, fixing the starting and finishing dates for each time, to give production orders to shops and to follow up the progress of products according to orders.

Answer 45

Production Planning & Controlling

Question 46

‘First Plan Your Work and then Work on Your Plan’

Answer 46

Production Planning & Controlling

Question 47

is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it and who to do it and who is to do it. Planning bridges the gap from where we are, to where we want to go. It makes possible for things to occur which would not otherwise happen.

Answer 47

Planning

Question 48

may be defined as the selection of path which each part of the product will follow, which being transformed from raw materials to finished products. Routing determines the most advantageous path to be followed from department to department and machine to machine till raw materials gets its final shape.

Answer 48

Routing

Question 49

determines the program for the operations. Scheduling may be defined as ‘the fixation of time and date for each operation’ as well as it determines the sequence of operations to be followed.

Answer 49

Scheduling

Question 50

is concerned with starting the processes. It gives authority so as to start a particular work, which has already been planned under the ‘Routing’ and ‘Scheduling’. Therefore, dispatching is ‘release of orders and instruction for the starting of production for any item in acceptance with the route sheet and schedule charts’.

Answer 50

Dispatching

Question 51

this has function of reporting the daily progress of work in each shop in a prescribed preformat and to investigate the causes of deviations from the planned performance.

Answer 51

Follow-up,

Question 52

may be defined as ‘a system that is used to maintain a desired level of quality in a product or service’. It is a systematic control of various factors that affect the quality of the product.

Answer 52

Quality control

Question 53

aims at prevention of defects at the source, relies on effective feedback system and corrective action procedure.

Answer 53

Quality control

Question 54

is that aspect of management function which is primarily concerned with the acquisition, control and use of materials needed and flow of goods and services connected with the production process having some predetermined objectives in view.

Answer 54

Materials management

Question 55

In modern industry, equipment and machinery are a very important part of the total productive effort. Therefore, their idleness or downtime becomes very expensive

Answer 55

Maintenance Management

Question 56

are characterized by manufacturing of one or few quantity of products designed and produced as per the specification of customers within prefixed time and cost.

Answer 56

Job – shop production

Question 57

is a production methodology in which products are manufactured in groups called batches rather than in a continuous fashion.

Answer 57

Batch production

Question 58

based production is one of a kind in which only one type of item is manufactured at a time. This type of production is often used for a very large projects or for individual customers.

Answer 58

Project or job Production

Question 59

In this production process, a single product is produced and stocked in warehouse until it is demanded in the market.

Answer 59

Process Production

Question 60

The flexibility of these plants is almost zero because only one product can be produced.

Answer 60

Process Production

Question 61

This refers to the process used to extract products such as oil and gas.

Answer 61

Process Production

Question 62

examples of production?

Answer 62

1. manufacturing custom-made products 2. manufacturing standardized products

Question 63

, sequence and time-period consumed is reflected in this (+ production scheduling)

Answer 63

Gantt chart by henry gantt