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Med. Term > Ch. 2 Test > Flashcards

Ch. 2 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Muscular distrophy

A

Group of genetic diseases marked by progressive weakness of skeletal muscle fibers

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2
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

Misshapen cells produce abnormal hemoglobin in the RBC’s

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3
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

Disorder of the exocrine glands

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4
Q

Tray-sachs disease

A

Marked by varying degrees of mental retardation and physical abnormalities

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5
Q

Phenylketonuria

A

Essential digestive enzyme is missing; may be detected by blood test at birth; if undetected or untreated mental retardation occurs

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6
Q

A hereditary disease

A

Disease marked by progressive physical degeneration, mental retardation and early death

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7
Q

Hemophilia

A

Hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a missing blood clotting factor. Passed from mother to son

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8
Q

Huntingtons disease

A

Signs and symptoms appear midlife; there is irreversible and progressive loss of muscle control and mental ability. Caused by dominant gene

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9
Q

Nosocomial infection

A

Hospital acquired infection. Was not present at admission but appeared 72+ hrs. After admission

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10
Q

Idiopathic

A

Disease with no known cause

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11
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Disease caused by the doctor or as part of the treatment

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12
Q

Organic disorder

A

Pathological physical changes that explain a patients signs and symptoms

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13
Q

Functional disorder

A

No pathological physical changes to explain the patients signs and symptoms

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14
Q

Mesentary

A

Layer of peritoneum that suspends part of the intestines within the abdominal cavity

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15
Q

Anomaly

A

Any deviation from what is regarded as normal

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16
Q

Where embryonic cells are found and why Theyre valuable

A

Found in the cord blood from the umbilical cord and placenta of newborn infants

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17
Q

How many chromosomes are in most cells? Gamete cells?

A

23 pairs and 23 single cells

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18
Q

Congenital

A

Present at birth

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19
Q

Gerontologist

A

A physician that specializes in care of old people

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20
Q

Cerebral palsy

A

Result of brain damage andnis a congenital condition caused by birth injury

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21
Q

Physiology

A

Study of the functions of the body (how it works)

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22
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of the structures of the body(what it looks like)

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23
Q

Four major tissues

A
  1. epithelial
  2. connective
  3. muscular
  4. nervous
24
Q

Aplasia

A

Failure of an organ or tissue

25
Q

Dysplasia

A

Enlargement of an organ or tissue by the proliferation of cells of an abnormal type

26
Q

Anaplasia

A

Change in structure of cells in their orientations to one another

27
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Enlargement of an organ or tissue because of abnormal number of cells

28
Q

Hypoplasia

A

Incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to deficiency in number of cells

29
Q

Glands produce what?

A

Secretions and hormones

30
Q

Etiology

A

Study of the causes of disease

31
Q

Retroperitoneal

A

Behind the peritoneum

32
Q

Blood borne transmission

A

Diseases such as HIV, HBV, and HCV are spread through contact with contaminated blood or body fluids

33
Q

Contaminated

A

The HCW’s hands or med equipment could possibly have the presence of an infectious agent

34
Q

Communicable disease

A

Diseases that may be transmitted from one person to another by direct contact with blood or body fluids

35
Q

Organ

A

Somewhat dependent part of the body that performs a special function or functions

36
Q

Airborne transmission

A

Disease spread by respiratory droplets

37
Q

Fecal-oral transmission

A

Food and waterborne transmission of diseases

38
Q

Epidemiologist

A

Specialist who studies epidemics, endemics, and pandemics

39
Q

Frontal plane

A

Divides body into front and back

40
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides body into upper and lower parts

41
Q

Midsagital

A

Divides body into equal right and left parts

42
Q

Proximal

A

Close to point of origin

43
Q

Superior

A

Above

44
Q

Lateral

A

To the side

45
Q

Dorsal

A

To the back

46
Q

Caudal

A

Towards the “tail”

47
Q

Ceohalic

A

Towards the head

48
Q

Ventral

A

To the front

49
Q

Inferior

A

Below

50
Q

Distal

A

Located most distant from point of origin

51
Q

Medial

A

Towards the middle

52
Q

Another name for coronal plane

A

Frontal plane

53
Q

What divides the thoracic and abdominal cavity?

A

Diaphragm

54
Q

Genetic disorder known as tristomy 21?

A

Down’s syndrome

55
Q

Congenital disorder

A

Abnormal condition present at birth

56
Q

Birth injuries

A

Malformation that occurs because of difficult labor and/or delivert

57
Q

Prenatal influence

A

A malformation occurs because of mom’s smoking/alchohal/drug abuse

Med. Term (9 decks)

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