Ch. 2 Test

Question 1

Muscular distrophy

Answer 1

Group of genetic diseases marked by progressive weakness of skeletal muscle fibers

Question 2

Sickle cell anemia

Answer 2

Misshapen cells produce abnormal hemoglobin in the RBC’s

Question 3

Cystic fibrosis

Answer 3

Disorder of the exocrine glands

Question 4

Tray-sachs disease

Answer 4

Marked by varying degrees of mental retardation and physical abnormalities

Question 5

Phenylketonuria

Answer 5

Essential digestive enzyme is missing; may be detected by blood test at birth; if undetected or untreated mental retardation occurs

Question 6

A hereditary disease

Answer 6

Disease marked by progressive physical degeneration, mental retardation and early death

Question 7

Hemophilia

Answer 7

Hereditary bleeding disorder caused by a missing blood clotting factor. Passed from mother to son

Question 8

Huntingtons disease

Answer 8

Signs and symptoms appear midlife; there is irreversible and progressive loss of muscle control and mental ability. Caused by dominant gene

Question 9

Nosocomial infection

Answer 9

Hospital acquired infection. Was not present at admission but appeared 72+ hrs. After admission

Question 10

Idiopathic

Answer 10

Disease with no known cause

Question 11

Iatrogenic

Answer 11

Disease caused by the doctor or as part of the treatment

Question 12

Organic disorder

Answer 12

Pathological physical changes that explain a patients signs and symptoms

Question 13

Functional disorder

Answer 13

No pathological physical changes to explain the patients signs and symptoms

Question 14

Mesentary

Answer 14

Layer of peritoneum that suspends part of the intestines within the abdominal cavity

Question 15

Anomaly

Answer 15

Any deviation from what is regarded as normal

Question 16

Where embryonic cells are found and why Theyre valuable

Answer 16

Found in the cord blood from the umbilical cord and placenta of newborn infants

Question 17

How many chromosomes are in most cells? Gamete cells?

Answer 17

23 pairs and 23 single cells

Question 18

Congenital

Answer 18

Present at birth

Question 19

Gerontologist

Answer 19

A physician that specializes in care of old people

Question 20

Cerebral palsy

Answer 20

Result of brain damage andnis a congenital condition caused by birth injury

Question 21

Physiology

Answer 21

Study of the functions of the body (how it works)

Question 22

Anatomy

Answer 22

Study of the structures of the body(what it looks like)

Question 23

Four major tissues

Answer 23

1. epithelial
2. connective
3. muscular
4. nervous

Question 24

Aplasia

Answer 24

Failure of an organ or tissue

Question 25

Dysplasia

Answer 25

Enlargement of an organ or tissue by the proliferation of cells of an abnormal type

Question 26

Anaplasia

Answer 26

Change in structure of cells in their orientations to one another

Question 27

Hyperplasia

Answer 27

Enlargement of an organ or tissue because of abnormal number of cells

Question 28

Hypoplasia

Answer 28

Incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to deficiency in number of cells

Question 29

Glands produce what?

Answer 29

Secretions and hormones

Question 30

Etiology

Answer 30

Study of the causes of disease

Question 31

Retroperitoneal

Answer 31

Behind the peritoneum

Question 32

Blood borne transmission

Answer 32

Diseases such as HIV, HBV, and HCV are spread through contact with contaminated blood or body fluids

Question 33

Contaminated

Answer 33

The HCW's hands or med equipment could possibly have the presence of an infectious agent

Question 34

Communicable disease

Answer 34

Diseases that may be transmitted from one person to another by direct contact with blood or body fluids

Question 35

Organ

Answer 35

Somewhat dependent part of the body that performs a special function or functions

Question 36

Airborne transmission

Answer 36

Disease spread by respiratory droplets

Question 37

Fecal-oral transmission

Answer 37

Food and waterborne transmission of diseases

Question 38

Epidemiologist

Answer 38

Specialist who studies epidemics, endemics, and pandemics

Question 39

Frontal plane

Answer 39

Divides body into front and back

Question 40

Transverse plane

Answer 40

Divides body into upper and lower parts

Question 41

Midsagital

Answer 41

Divides body into equal right and left parts

Question 42

Proximal

Answer 42

Close to point of origin

Question 43

Superior

Answer 43

Above

Question 44

Lateral

Answer 44

To the side

Question 45

Dorsal

Answer 45

To the back

Question 46

Caudal

Answer 46

Towards the "tail"

Question 47

Ceohalic

Answer 47

Towards the head

Question 48

Ventral

Answer 48

To the front

Question 49

Inferior

Answer 49

Below

Question 50

Distal

Answer 50

Located most distant from point of origin

Question 51

Medial

Answer 51

Towards the middle

Question 52

Another name for coronal plane

Answer 52

Frontal plane

Question 53

What divides the thoracic and abdominal cavity?

Answer 53

Diaphragm

Question 54

Genetic disorder known as tristomy 21?

Answer 54

Down's syndrome

Question 55

Congenital disorder

Answer 55

Abnormal condition present at birth

Question 56

Birth injuries

Answer 56

Malformation that occurs because of difficult labor and/or delivert

Question 57

Prenatal influence

Answer 57

A malformation occurs because of mom's smoking/alchohal/drug abuse