Ch 2: Theoretical Frameworks Flashcards
(29 cards)
Theoretical/empirical knowledge
Scientific knowledge, development and testing of theories, observation and measurement
Aesthetic knowledge
The art of nursing, the expressive, intuitive, and creative aspects of practice that allow a deep understanding of the human experience
Personal knowledge
Comes from the inner experiences and maturation of the nurse, continual life process that occurs with deep reflection, allows for interpersonal relationships
Sociopolitical knowledge
Contextual knowledge, understanding of culture, society, and politics, how society is organized and its implications for health
Ethical knowledge
Moral principles, codes, and theories of ethical conduct, the moment-to-moment judgement of what is right
Experiential knowledge
Comes from repeated exposure to situations that lead to refining of earlier ideas and thoughts, movement along continuum of novice to expert practitioners
Inductive reasoning
Followed by qualitative researchers, process of starting with the details of an experience and building towards a general picture
Deductive reasoning
Followed by quantitative researchers, process of starting with the general picture and moving toward the specific
Conceptual definitions
Rooted in theoretical literature, similar to a dictionary definition of a concept
Operational definitions
How a concept will be measured and with what instruments
Levels of abstraction: metaparadigm
The most abstract level of knowledge, the worldview of the discipline which distinguishes its focus
Levels of abstraction: philosophy
Addresses questions about existence, reality, knowing, and ethics as they pertain to nursing
Levels of abstraction: conceptual models
A set of concepts that address broad, general ideas of interest to the discipline
Levels of abstraction: theories
Translate concepts into testable questions that can be explored
Levels of abstraction: empirical indicators
Instruments, experiments, or procedures
Conceptual framework
Structure or assembly of concepts that is used as a map of ideas for the study, a synthesis of existing knowledge on a topic
Constructivism
Reality and the way we understand our world are largely dependent on our perceptions and context, research is aimed at creating an understanding of people from their point of view
Critical social theory
Reality and our understanding of reality are constructed by people with the most power in a particular time and place
Epistemology
What is knowledge? What are the sources of knowledge? What are the ways we come to know something, in contrast to believing? What is truth and what role does it play in knowledge?
Methodology
The principles, rules, and procedures that guide the process through which knowledge is acquired
Ontology
The study of being or existence and its relationship to nonexistence, ask what exists or what is real, and into what categories can existing things be sorted
Paradigm
Different ways of viewing the world and often form the foundation from which research is undertaken. What is reality, how knowledge is created, what is valuable to learn
Positivism
Aims for objectivity and impartiality, with a goal of producing unbiased, generalizable research
Post-positivism
Objectivity is usually not possible and our observations cannot always be relied upon because they are subject to error and human bias
