Ch 20.

Question 1

Charles Darwin’s Origin of Species (1859)

Answer 1

Natural selection
* The mechanism for evolution

Question 2

Variation

Answer 2

Allele mixing & mutation

Question 3

Natural selection

Answer 3

fitness

Question 4

Hardy–Weinberg equation

Answer 4

Evolution = change in allele frequency

Question 5

fitness

Answer 5

an organism’s ability to pass its genetic material to its offspring

Question 6

Intrasexual competition

Answer 6

competition between individuals of the same sex for access to mates, mating opportunities.

Question 7

intersexual competition

Answer 7

when one sex chooses which members of the opposite sex to mate with

Question 8

parental investment

Answer 8

the time, energy, and resources that a parent provides to their offspring, which can impact the parent’s future fitness

Question 9

Bottleneck effect

Answer 9

phenomenon in which a population is reduced in size due to natural disasters, habitat loss, or overhunting

Question 10

Founder Effect

Answer 10

A new colony is started by a few members of the original population. This small population size means that the colony may have: reduced genetic variation from the original population.

Question 11

Mendelian genetics

Answer 11

certain patterns of how traits are passed from parents to offspring