Ch. 21 Intravenous Therapy

Question 1

What is intravenous (IV) therapy?

Answer 1

Infusion of a fluid into a vein to prevent or to treat fluid or electrolyte imbalance or to deliver medications, nutrition, or blood products.

Question 2

What are the two types of IV solutions?

Answer 2

• Crystalloid (Clear)

- Colloid (Not Clear)

Question 3

What are types of crystalloid solutions?

Answer 3

• Isotonic fluids
• Hypotonic fluids
• Hypertonic fluids

Question 4

What are types of colloid solutions?

Answer 4

• Blood products

- Parenteral nutrition

Question 5

What are risks of an IV? (In some cases depending on medication being administered)

Answer 5

• Infiltration
• Phlebitis
• Infection
• Extravasation (very bad, ex: chemo)

Question 6

What things should be monitored for central access devices?

Answer 6

• Pneumothorax
• Air embolism
• CLABSI

Question 7

The patient has a central venous catheter in place. Because of this type of intravenous access, the nurse knows that it is particularly important to monitor for:

1. catheter-related blood stream infection
2. infiltration
3. phlebitis
4. catheter breakage

Answer 7

1. catheter-related blood stream infection

Question 8

What complications should be monitored during blood transfusions?

Answer 8

• Febrile reactions
• Allergic reactions
• Hemolytic reactions
• Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)
• Transfusion-related circulatory overload (TACO)
• Septic reactions