Ch 21first part Flashcards
Congress of Vienna members
Austria, Russia, Prussia, Great Britain, France
The great powers
Russia, Prussia, Austria, Great Britain, and France- used to balance out argument
Holy Alliance and symbolizes..
Proposed by Russia’s Alexander l
Austria, Russia, and Prussia together (conservative and represents the stopping of liberals and revolutionaries)
Went into country and restored monarchy
Symbolizes the ridding of liberalism and Revolution
Karlsbad decrees
1819: uphold Metternich’s conservativeness.. Crush liberal organizations
Magyars
Fun fact
Hungarians
Liberalism
Individual freedom and representative gov.t
Nationalism
Superiority of their nation
Led to desire for independent political state
Deep creativity and nobility bring nationalism and liberalism together
Both nationalism and liberalism believe that self gov would work if ppl united with common traditions and interests
Socialism
Community
Economic planning, greater social equality, state regulation of property
Utopian socialists
Saint Simon
Save the poor!
Fourier
Phalantes(self sufficient communities), total emancipation of women
Proudhon
Property is theft, states should be abolished
Blanc
“Organization of work” peacefully take control of state, universal voting rights, more practical reforms
Marx & Marxism
Class struggle fueled human history
Social equality and community,
End class struggle by overthrowing bourgeoisie in violent revolution
Claimed more realistic
Bourgeoisie
Upper class
Became rich by using proletariat (working class)
Proletariat
Working class
Communist Manifesto
Marx and Engels published on eve of revolutions of 1848
Communism is haunting Europe
Liberalism changed…
First half of 1800s, focused on narrow class interests
1820, Britain, business elites embraced laissez faire- free trade, no gov involved (they could do whatever they want in their factories and profit from it)
Increasingly identified with upper-class interests
The most import at reason for linking nationalism and liberalism or with radical democratic republicanism was
A faith in the creativity and nobility of the people
Enlightenment vs romantic
5 things
Nature
Man
Looking forward/back
Middle Ages?
Enlightenment: Reason Human nature Man over nature Forward looking No Middle Ages
Romanticism: Passion, emotion Nature Nature over man Backward looking Middle Ages
General Romanticism
Artistic, musical,mane literature movement. Belief in emotions, unrestrained imagination, and spontaneous
Revolted rationality
France’s Eugéne Delacroix
Artist painter romantic
Dramatic, colorful, Remote, exotic
Germany’s Casper David Friedrch
Artist painter romantic
Somber landscapes
Ruined churches or remote shipwrecks
(Divine presence in natural forces)
England’s Joseph M.W. Turner
Artist Painter romantic Natures power and terror
Wild storms and sinking ships
John Constance
Artist painter
Gentle wordsworthian
Landscapes and nature and people go together in peace
William Wordsworth
All natural, sacred
literature romanticism
Victor Hugo
Literature romanticism
Hunchback of Notre Dame
Conservative
Equal freedom of literature with liberty in politics and society
Romantic music
Abandon structure,
Triple size of band and added instruments
Greater prestige than past
Ludwig Van Beethoven
Contrast themes and tones, dramatic, inspiring REVOLUTION
