Ch. 22 Obstetric Sonography Overview

Question 1

All of the following may be visualized at the correct level of the head circumference except:
3rd ventricle
Thalamus
Cavum septum pellucidum
Falx cerebelli

Answer 1

Falx cerebelli

Question 2

Typically, w/ a miscarriage, the serum human chorionic gonadotropin value will be:

• Elevated
• Decreased
• This laboratory finding is not helpful
• Unchanged

Answer 2

Decreased

Question 3

Typically, w/ anencephaly, the maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein value will be:

• Elevated
• Decreased
• This laboratory finding isn’t helpful
• Unchanged

Answer 3

Elevated

Question 4

Typically, w/ gastroschisis, the maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein value will be:

• Elevated
• Decreased
• This laboratory finding isn’t helpful
• Unchanged

Answer 4

Elevated

Question 5

The quadruple screen includes an analysis of all of the following except:

• Human chorionic gonadotropin
• Alpha-fetoprotein
• Inhibin A
• Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A

Answer 5

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A

Question 6

The reduction in blood return to the maternal heart caused by the gravid uterus compressing the maternal IVC describes:

• Edwards syndrome
• Pulmonary obstructive syndrome
• Supine hypotensive syndrome
• Recumbent hypotensive syndrome

Answer 6

Supine hypotensive syndrome

Question 7

The 2nd trimester typically refers to weeks:
12-26
13-26
10-28
26-42

Answer 7

13-26

Question 8

The clinical manifestations of supine hypotensive syndrome include all of the following except:
Proteinuria
Tachycardia
Nausea
Pallor

Answer 8

Proteinuria

Question 9

Painless 2nd trimester vaginal bleeding is most often associated w/:
Placental abruption
Ectopic pregnancy
Miscarriage
Placenta previa

Answer 9

Placenta previa

Question 10

All of the following are observed during a biophysical profile except:
Fetal tone
Thoracic movement
Fetal breathing
Fetal circulation

Answer 10

Fetal circulation

Question 11

Which of the following wouldn’t be decreased in the presence of Edwards syndrome?

• Estriol
• Human chorionic gonadotropin
• Alpha-fetoprotein
• All would be decreased

Answer 11

All would be decreased

Question 12

All of the following are produced by the placenta except:

• Alpha-fetoprotein
• Human chorionic gonadotropin
• Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A
• Inhibin A

Answer 12

Alpha-fetoprotein

Question 13

A myelomeningocele is associated w/:
Down syndrome
Spina bifida
Edwards syndrome
Patau syndrome

Answer 13

Spina bifida

Question 14

The anechoic space along the posterior aspect of the fetal neck is the:
Nuchal fold
Nuchal cord
Nuchal translucency
Rhombencephalon

Answer 14

Nuchal translucency

Question 15

The premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before the birth of the fetus describes:
Placenta previa
Placental abruption
Ectopic cordis
Subchorionic hamartoma

Answer 15

Placental abruption

Question 16

Something that is idiopathic is said to be:

• Caused by a functional abnormality
• Related to fetal development
• From an unknown cause
• Found incidentally

Answer 16

From an unknown cause

Question 17

Of the following forms of fetal presentation, which is the most common?
Cephalic
Complete breech
Frank breech
Transverse

Answer 17

Cephalic

Question 18

Fetal presentation is determined upon the fetal part closest to the:

• External os of the cervix
• Fundus of the uterus
• Internal os of the cervix
• Body of the uterus

Answer 18

Internal os of the cervix

Question 19

What’s the fetal presentation when the fetal buttocks are closest to the cervix referred to?

• Footling breech
• Frank breech
• Complete breech
• Transverse

Answer 19

Frank breech

Question 20

Which of the following wouldn't typically produce an elevation in human chorionic gonadotropin?
Down syndrome
Anembryonic pregnancy 
Triploidy
Molar pregnancy

Answer 20

Anembryonic pregnancy

Question 21

The triple screen typically includes an analysis of:

• Human chorionic gonadotropin, alpha-fetoprotein, and estriol
• Human chorionic gonadotropin, alpha-fetoprotein, and Inhibin A
• Fetal nuchal translucency, alpha-fetoprotein, and Inhibin A
• Human chorionic gonadotropin, alpha-fetoprotein, and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A

Answer 21

Human chorionic gonadotropin, alpha-fetoprotein, and estriol

Question 22

The dilation of the renal collecting system secondary to the obstruction of normal urine flow defines:
Nephrocalcinosis
Hydronephrosis
Renal calculi
Urinary stasis

Answer 22

Hydronephrosis

Question 23

The physiologic ovarian cyst that develops after ovulation has occurred is the:
Theca internal cyst
Graafian cyst
Corpus luteum cyst
Cystic teratoma

Answer 23

Corpus luteum cyst

Question 24

The protein that’s produced by the yolk sac, fetal GI tract, and the fetal liver is:

• Alpha-fetoprotein
• Human chorionic gonadotropin
• Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A
• Inhibin A

Answer 24

Alpha-fetoprotein

Question 25

Which best describes the optimal instance to take the femur length measurement? * When the epiphyseal plates are clearly identified and the shaft is parallel to the sound beam * When the diaphysis of the femur is parallel to the sound beam * When the long axis of the femoral shaft is perpendicular to the sound beam * When the femoral shaft is parallel to the sound beam

Answer 25

When the long axis of the femoral shaft is perpendicular to the sound beam

Question 26

The abdominal circumference should include all of the following except: * The fetal stomach * The fetal thoracic spine * The umbilical vein * The kidneys

Answer 26

The umbilical vein

Question 27

Which artifact listed below is produced when the sound beam is barely attenuated through a fluid or a fluid-containing structure? * Reverberation artifact * Comet tail artifact * Posterior shadowing * Posterior enhancement

Answer 27

Posterior enhancement

Question 28

Which artifact listed below is caused by attenuation of the sound beam? * Reverberation artifact * Comet tail artifact * Posterior shadowing * Posterior enhancement

Answer 28

Posterior shadowing

Question 29

``` Which of the following would most likely not be associated w/ an elevation in maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein? Anencephaly Down syndrome Meningocele Myelomeningocele ```

Answer 29

Down syndrome

Question 30

``` Which of the following is also referred to as trisomy 13? Down syndrome Edwards syndrome Turner syndrome Patau syndrome ```

Answer 30

Patau syndrome