Ch 22- The Earth

Question 1

Layers of the earth

Answer 1

Crust, mantle and the core

Question 2

What is the crust

Answer 2

The outer layer of the earth

Question 3

Mantle

Answer 3

Made of solid rock and liquid called magma

Question 4

Outer core

Answer 4

Iron and nickel

Question 5

Inner core

Answer 5

Iron and nickel

Question 6

Plate tectonics

Answer 6

The movement of the crust

Question 7

Seismology

Answer 7

The study of earthquakes and volcanoes

Question 8

Types of rocks

Answer 8

Igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic

Question 9

Igneous

Answer 9

Form when magma breaks through the surface of the crust during a volcano. When it cools the magma becomes solid eg granite

Question 10

Sedimentary

Answer 10

Formed by layers of rock particles and dead plant and animal material eg limestone

Question 11

Metamorphic

Answer 11

Formed when igneous and sedimentary rocks change into harder rocks due to high temps and pressure eg quartzite

Question 12

Rocks are changed by

Answer 12

Weathering, erosion , heat and pressure

Question 13

The nutrient cycle

Answer 13

Shows the cycle of matter and minerals thorough the living and non living parts of the earth

Question 14

The carbon cycle

Answer 14

Explains how carbon is recycled through the earth

Question 15

Carbon sink

Answer 15

Anything that takes carbon out of the atmosphere

Question 16

Carbon source

Answer 16

Anything that releases carbon into the atmosphere

Question 17

The nitrogen cycle

Answer 17

Explains how nitrogen is recycled through the earth

Question 18

The water cycle

Answer 18

Describes the changes that water undergoes as it moves through the earth

Question 19

Parts of the water cycle

Answer 19

Evaporation, condensation, precipitation and water flow

Question 20

Evaporation

Answer 20

Sun heats water on the earths surface. Water turns into water vapor and rises up

Question 21

Condensation

Answer 21

Water Vapour cools and changes back to liquid water, forming clouds

Question 22

Precipitation

Answer 22

As water adds to clouds, they get heavier and falls as rain and snow

Question 23

Water flow

Answer 23

Water collects in soil, rivers and lakes. Cycle repeats

Question 24

Stages of water treatment

Answer 24

Screening, settling, filtration, chlorination and fluoridation

Question 25

Screening

Answer 25

Water from lakes passes through wire mesh to remove floating material eg rubbish

Question 26

Settling

Answer 26

Water floats into a large tank. Aluminum sulfate is added. This helps small particles clump together at the bottom of tanks

Question 27

Filtration

Answer 27

Water passes through beds of sand and gravel. Any remaining particles are removed

Question 28

Chlorination

Answer 28

Chlorine is added to kill bacteria

Question 29

Fluoridation

Answer 29

Fluorine is added to prevent tooth decay. pH is checked

Question 30

Water splits into

Answer 30

Hydrogen and oxygen

Question 31

Electrolysis

Answer 31

Splitting up a compound by passing electricity through it

Question 32

Electrolyte

Answer 32

A substance that’ll conduct electricity when dissolved in water

Question 33

Electrodes

Answer 33

Two rods that dip into an electrolyte and complete the electrical circuit

Question 34

Atmosphere

Answer 34

A layer of gas that Blankets the earth. Made up of nitrogen and oxygen mainly

Question 35

Oxygen properties

Answer 35

Colorless, odorless and tasteless. Slightly soluble in water | Supports combustion

Question 36

Uses of oxygen

Answer 36

Respiration Combustion Launching rockets Diving gear

Question 37

Tests of oxygen

Answer 37

No effect on litmus | Relights a growing splint

Question 38

Properties of carbon dioxide

Answer 38

Colorless, odorless and tasteless Slightly soluble in water Doesn’t support combustion

Question 39

Uses of carbon dioxide

Answer 39

Photosynthesis Fire extinguisher Carbonation Refrigeration

Question 40

Carbon dioxide tests

Answer 40

Changes limewater colorless to milky | Dissolves in water to form carbonic acid

Question 41

Barometers

Answer 41

Measure atmospheric pressure

Question 42

Layers of the atmosphere

Answer 42

Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere

Question 43

Gases in the atmosphere are affected by

Answer 43

Pressure, temp and altitude

Question 44

Meteorologist

Answer 44

Studies the atmosphere

Question 45

Isobars

Answer 45

Join equal lines of pressure