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AP Euro > Ch 23 > Flashcards

Ch 23 Flashcards

1
Q

gold standard

A

value of a currency was defined in terms of gold, could be exchanged

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2
Q

Second Industrial Revolution

A

steel,chemicals,electricity,oil

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3
Q

Henry Bessemer-Bessemer Process

A

created steel cheaply and mass quantities

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4
Q

Gottlieb Daimler

A

modern internal combustion engine

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5
Q

Henry Ford

A

car accessible to masses; assembly line

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6
Q

3 major oil suppliers

A

Standard Oil of US; Brit. Shell Oil; Royal Dutch Petroleum

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7
Q

word coined at this time

A

unemployment

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8
Q

W.H. Smith

A

owner of railway newsstands (part of new middle class=new money)

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9
Q

Henri Fournier

A

won 1901 Paris to Berlin Motor Car Race

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10
Q

petite bourgeoisie (lower middle c)

A

white collar workers; working class origins;belong to unions; sought distance b/w them and lower-class lifestyle

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11
Q

Baron Georges Haussmann (Sewer guy)

A

Napoleon III; redesigned Paris=cleaner and more organized; oversaw vast urban reconstruction program

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12
Q

métro

A

subway system put in

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13
Q

1889 Eiffel Tower

A

orig. temporary structure for international trade exposition of 1889

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14
Q

Sacré Cœur

A

built Roman Catholic Church

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15
Q

Cholera

A

touched all classes; led to sanitary reforms

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16
Q

Louis René Villermé, Edwin Chadwick, Rudolf Virchow

A

argued for everyone to get clean

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17
Q

Melun Act of 1851 (France)

A

concern for public health

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18
Q

Louis Pasteur, Robert Kock, Joseph Lister

A

science behind the clean; inc public concern about cleanliness

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19
Q

A.V. Huber (Ger)

A

housing reforms

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20
Q

Jules Simon

A

good housing=good family life=stronger patriotic feeling

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21
Q

Married Woman’s Property Act (Brit)

A

allowed women to own property by self

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22
Q

“female job”

A

school teaching at elementary level

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23
Q

putting-out system

A

manufacturer own fabric not made in factory, put it out for tailoring; sweatshops

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24
Q

Economic vulnerability of women (why Mercy made)

A

led to women going into prostitution b/c they couldn’t live on their wages

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25
fewer prostitutes in manufacturing towns
b/c steady employment available and community life=more stable
26
Bon Marché
was made; department store
27
Mary Wollstonecraft
the vindication of Rights of women; women's rights=right of men
28
John Stuart Mill and Harriet Taylor
lib freedom women: the Subjection of Women-utility+ efficiency expose human+social waste b/c=inferior role women have
29
Millicent Fawcett
led moderate National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies-parl. give women right to vote if respon.
30
Henry Fawcett (Harr.'s hubby)
supported her; Liberal Party cabinet minister and economist-supported feminism
31
Emmeline Pankhurst (arrested)
radical branch of Brit. feminists
32
E.P.'S daughters-Christabel and Sylvia
EP. C, S, founded Women's Social and Political Union- violent tactics men wouldn't listen
33
suffragettes 'allow'
lobbied publicly and privately to extend women right to vote
34
Prime Minister Herbert Asquith (mean)
imprisoned demonstrators+ force-fed ones who went on hunger strikes in jail
35
1918
year women got right to vote
36
Hubertine Auclert (France)
women's right to vote=she stood alone
37
National Council of French Women
upper-class-women; NOT support right for women
38
Marie Mauguet
Roman Catholic; support right vote
39
French Chamber of Deputies
passed bill granting vote women 1919; lost; didn't get right=after WWII
40
Union of German Women's Organizations
supported right vote; main concern improve w's social cond., inc edu., extending their right protections
41
German Social Democratic Party
support women suffrage
42
Jews lib (sorta)
Joseph II-put Jews under empire under same laws as Christians; National Assembly-recognized Jews as French citizens; full citiz. in Ger, Italy and Low Counties
43
pogroms
org. riots against Jewish neighborhoods and villages
44
Lionel Rothschild (Jew)
head of London branch bank; Jews got blamed for hard times
45
anti-semitism
hatred of Jews
46
Zionism
want own Jewish homeland
47
Trade Unionism
gov extended legal protections to unions; unions= legal
48
First International (trade union)
had socialists, anarchists, Polish nationals; trade union (beginning Communism)
49
Marxism
emerged as single most imp strand socialism
50
Keir Hardie
1st independent working man elect to Parliament
51
Taff Vale Decision
remove legal protection on union funds
52
Fabian Society
most influential socialist group ; tried to do major socialist reform
53
Sidney and Beatrice Webb, Georges Bernard Shaw
Fabians;problems of ind,expansion of ownership+state direction prod. solved gradually, peacefully, and democratically
54
Joseph Chamberlain
unsuccessful to change tax laws
55
Sir Henry Campbell
lib party
56
National Insurance Act 1911
provided unemployment benefits+health care
57
Parliament Act 1911
allow Commons override legislative veto of upper chamber
58
Jean Jaurès and Jules Guesde
two maj factions socialism (France) Je-work w/ Radical ministers to get what they want G-disagreed
59
2nd International
unify various national socialists
60
opportunism
participation by socialists in cabinet
61
Générale du Travail
improve worker conditions->direct action
62
syndicalism
unite workers and gain them power
63
Georges Soral
Reflections on Violence; syndicalism
64
Wilhelm Liebknecht+ August Bebel
Marxists opposed reformist policies
65
Emperor William II
anti socialism expire->build up new pol. support among working class
66
Eduard Bernstein
Evolutionary Socialism;conditions didn't meet Marxist's expectations
67
Revisionism
revised Marxism to fit times
68
Count Sergei Witte (SNow)
led Russia into industrial age
69
Russia and trade unions
illegal
70
mir
villages
71
kulaks
peasant farmers
72
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin)
1st Communist guy:Bolsheviks
73
Bolsheviks
majority; Lenin's group
74
Menshiviks
minority; moderate democratic revolutionary
75
Bloody Sunday
kill thousands; Winter Palace; bad move czar=people no longer trust
76
soviets
controlled St. Petersburg; worker's union
77
October Manifesto
promised Russia constitutional monarchy
78
Duma
rep body; w/ 2 chambers; later dissolved
79
Grigory Efimovich Rasputin
got power; Russia's greatest love machine; "heal" people; real creep

AP Euro (4 decks)

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