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Nursing 104 > Ch 24 Asepsis And Infection Control > Flashcards

Ch 24 Asepsis And Infection Control Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

Aerobic

A

Requiring oxygen to live and grow

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2
Q

Airborne transmission

A

Spreading of microorganisms that are less than 5 mm when an infected host coughs sneezes or talks, or when the organism becomes attached to dust particles

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3
Q

Anaerobic

A

Capable of living without oxygen

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4
Q

Antibody

A

Immunoglobulin produced by the body in response to a specific antigen

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5
Q

Antigen

A

Foreign material capable of inducing a specific immune response

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6
Q

Antimicrobial

A

Antibacterial agent that kills bacteria or suppresses their growth

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7
Q

Asepsis

A

Absence of disease process producing micro organisms; using methods to prevent infection

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8
Q

Bacteria

A

The most significant and most commonly observed infection causing agents

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9
Q

Bundles

A

Evidence based best practices that have proven positive outcomes when implemented together to prevent infection

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10
Q

Colonization

A

Presence of an organism residing in an individuals body but with no clinical signs of infection

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11
Q

Direct contact

A

Way for organisms to enter the body that involves proximity between a susceptible host and an infected person or carrier, such as through touching, kissing, or sexual intercourse

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12
Q

Disinfection

A

Process used to destroy micro organisms; destroys all pathologic organisms except spores

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13
Q

Droplet transmission

A

Transmission of particles greater than five mcm

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14
Q

Endemic

A

Something that occurs with predictability in one specific region or population and can appear and a different geographical location

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15
Q

Exogenous

A

Infection in which the causative organism is acquired from outside the host

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16
Q

Endogenous

A

Infection in which the causative organism comes from microbial life Harvard within the person

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17
Q

Fungi

A

Plant like organisms parentheses (mold and yeast) that can cause infection

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18
Q

Health care associated infections (HAI)

A

An infection that was not present on admission to a healthcare institution and develops during the course of treatment for other conditions; nosocomial

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19
Q

Host

A

Animal or person on or within which microorganism’s live

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20
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Infection that occurs as a result of treatment or diagnostic procedure

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21
Q

Indirect contact

A

Personal contact with either a vector, a living creature that transmits an infectious agent to a human, usually an insect; or an in adamant object, coliform Mike, such as equipment or countertops

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22
Q

Infection

A

Disease state resulting from pathogens in or on the body

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23
Q

Isolation

A

Protective procedure designed to prevent the transmission of specific micro organisms; also called protective aseptic techniques and barrier techniques

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24
Q

Medical asepsis

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A

Practices designed to reduce the number and transfer of pathogens; synonym for clean technique

25
Nosocomial
Something originating are taking place in the hospital i.e. infection
26
Parasites
Organism that lives on or in a host and relies on it for nourishment
27
Pathogens
Disease producing microorganism
28
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
Gloves, gowns, masks, and protective I gear designed to minimize or prevent the healthcare workers exposure to infectious material
29
Reservoir
Natural habitat for the growth and multiplication of microorganisms
30
Standard precautions
CDC precautions used in the care of all patients regardless of their diagnosis or possible infection status; this category combines universal and body substance precautions
31
Sterilization
1. Process by which all micro organisms, including spores are destroyed; 2. Surgical procedure performed to render a person infertile
32
Surgical asepsis
Practices that render and keep objects in areas free from microorganisims; synonym for sterile technique
33
Transmission based precautions
CDC precautions used in patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens that can be treatment transmitted by airborne, droplet, or contact route; used in addition to standard precautions
34
Vector
Not human carriers, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and lice, that transmit organisms from one house to another
35
Virulence
Ability to produce disease
36
Virus
Smallest of all micro organisms; can be seen only by using an electron microscope
37
Infection cycle
1. Infectious agent 2. Reservoir 3. Portal of exit 4. Means of transmission 5. Portals of entry 6. Susceptible host
38
E. Coli
Spread through feces contaminated water and food Indirect and direct contact Causes diarrhea
39
S. Aureus
Spread skin, mouth, throat, nose Direct and indirect contact Result: minor skin infections, respiratory infections endocarditis osteomyelitis and bacteremia
40
M. Tuberculosis
Spread sputum Airborne Result: tuberculosis
41
HIV
Spread: blood, semen, breastmilk, vaginal secretions, Direct contact Result: AIDs
42
Salmonella
Intestines Direct and indirect contact Result: diarrhea
43
Hepatitis B
Blood, feces, body fluid and excretions Contact direct Result: hepatitis B
44
Borrelia burgdorferi
Ticks from sheep, cattle, deer, mice Contact indirect through a vector Result: Lyme disease
45
Colostrudum difficile (c diff)
Gram-positive, anaerobic, spore forming bacteria Found in intestine naturally  antibiotics taken for a long time destroy good bacteria and C diffwidely grows Result: diarrhea Alcohol does not kill us, soap and water only
46
HAI Major causes
CAUTI Catheter associated UTI SSI  surgical site infection CLABSI Central line associated bloodstream infection VAP ventilator associated pneumonia
47
Stages of infection
1. Incubation period 2. Prodromal stage (most infectious), 3. Full stage (acute stage, infection) 4. Convalescent period
48
Ways the body defense itself from infection
Skin, mucous membranes, normal flora, inflammatory and immune response
49
Signs of inflammation
1. Redness 2. Heat 3. Edema 4. Pain 5. Loss of function
50
Five moment to wash hands
1. Before touching a patient 2. Before a clean or antiseptic procedure 3. After a body fluid exposure risk 4. After touching a patient 5. After touching patient surroundings
51
Patient education for antibiocs
1. Explain importance of completing full course 2. Do not share antibiotics with others 3. Allergies may develop with repeated exposure to antibiotics 4. Other options versus antibiotics 5. G.I. distress? Take with food 6. Drink lots of fluids 7. Perineal hygiene teaching 8. Avoid citrus and and anti-acids
52
Super infection
An infection on top of an infection or an infection after an infection
53
Tetracyclines
Must use an additional form of birth control Take on an empty stomach one hour before our 2 to 3 hours after any other meal or other medication with a full glass of water Do not take this drug with food dairy products or antacids Adverse effects damage to teeth and bones
54
Fluoroquinolon
Broad spectrum Causes lesions in developing cartilage do not use if pregnant or lactating or under 18 If taking antacids must be four hours apart
55
Red man syndrome
An anaphylactic reaction when Vanco myosin is infused rapidly causes Rashi red face torso Pruitus (itching)
56
What class of drugs can be taken if penicillin is contra indicated
Aminogycoside Tetracyclenes Macrolides
57
Antiboitics not to be used with pregnant or children
Fluoroquninolon causes pitting in cartilage Tetracyclines pitting and bones and teeth Sulfonamides
58
Cephalosporin
Do not use alcohol for 72 hours after discontinuation may cause a disilfirame like reaction 
59
Sulfonamide
Discontine immediately if hypersensitivity reactions occur | First symptom of a reaction is uticria (hives)

Nursing 104 (32 decks)

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