Ch 25

Question 1

early fluoroscopy was made of

Answer 1

cardboard tube and metal salt

Question 2

Metal salt was replaced by

Answer 2

calcium tungstate

Question 3

Radiologists were required to sit in darkened rooms to let their eyes ___

Answer 3

adjust to low levels of light

Question 4

What was later made to allow radiologists to avoid sitting in dark rooms

Answer 4

red adaption goggles

Question 5

What revolutionized fluoroscopy and radiation safety

Answer 5

image intensification & television cameras

Question 6

Primary function of fluoroscope

Answer 6

dynamic viewing

Question 7

real time viewing

Answer 7

slows motion

Question 8

studying vessels using fluoroscopy is termed

Answer 8

angiography or interventional radiography

Question 9

dose is ___ in fluoroscopy

Answer 9

greater

Question 10

ABC stands for

Answer 10

automatic brightness control

Question 11

image intensified fluoroscopy provides increased

Answer 11

image brightness

Question 12

illumination is measured in lumen per square meter or ___

Answer 12

lux

Question 13

radiographs are viewed at illumination levels of

Answer 13

100-1000 lux

Question 14

incident light passes through

Answer 14

cornea, lens, iris, rentina, rods, and cones

Question 15

cornea has a ____ protective covering

Answer 15

transparent

Question 16

lens focuses on

Answer 16

light

Question 17

iris controls

Answer 17

amount of light

Question 18

retina detects light with _____ which are responsible for sensation of vision

Answer 18

rods & cones

Question 19

cones are concentrated at center of

Answer 19

retina

Question 20

rods are located around

Answer 20

periphery of retina

Question 21

input phosphor converts xray to

Answer 21

visible light

Question 22

photocathode converts visible light to

Answer 22

electrons

Question 23

electrostatic lenses and anode direct

Answer 23

electrons

Question 24

output phosphor converts electrons to

Answer 24

visible light

Question 25

input phosphor is made of

Answer 25

cesium iodide

Question 26

____ is bonded to input phosphor

Answer 26

photocathode

Question 27

many light photons are required to produce

Answer 27

one electron

Question 28

electrostatic lenses and anode uses charges to direction ___

Answer 28

electrons

Question 29

directs electrons through small circular disc known as

Answer 29

anode

Question 30

anode is ___ charged

Answer 30

positively

Question 31

output phosphor converts electrons to

Answer 31

light photons

Question 32

output is made of

Answer 32

zinc cadmium sulfide

Question 33

filters are used to prevent light from

Answer 33

traveling backward

Question 34

each electron from the photocathode creates ____ more light photons

Answer 34

50-75

Question 35

flux gain is ratio of number of light photons at ____ to the number of light photons at the ___

Answer 35

output phosphor, input phosphor

Question 36

flux gain =

Answer 36

output/input

Question 37

output size

Answer 37

2.5 or 5cm

Question 38

input size

Answer 38

10-35 cm

Question 39

brightness gain =

Answer 39

magnification gain x flux gain

Question 40

brightness gain is usually

Answer 40

5000-30,000

Question 41

brightness ____ as intensifying tube ages

Answer 41

fades

Question 42

conversion factor is usually _____ x the brightness gain

Answer 42

0.01

Question 43

____ is used for expressing image intensification

Answer 43

proper quantity

Question 44

veiling glare is scatter which reduces

Answer 44

contrast

Question 45

it occurs because of

Answer 45

scattered light, xrays, and electrons

Question 46

small focal spot will be ____ magnified than larger focal spot

Answer 46

more

Question 47

the focal point is ____ from input when using a larger portion

Answer 47

further away

Question 48

magnified image will be

Answer 48

dimmer

Question 49

magnified image produces ___ patient dose

Answer 49

higher

Question 50

____ is increased with magnification fluoroscopy

Answer 50

spatial resolution

Question 51

vignetting is ____ in brightness at periphery

Answer 51

reduction

Question 52

television camera is same size as

Answer 52

output phosphor

Question 53

television camera converts visible image into

Answer 53

electrical signal

Question 54

electrostatic grids ____ electrons to target

Answer 54

accelerate & direct

Question 55

target __ video signal

Answer 55

emits

Question 56

3 layers of television camera

Answer 56

window, signal plate, photoconductive layer

Question 57

signal plate is thin enough to transmit ____ yet thick enough to transmit ___

Answer 57

light, electricity

Question 58

fiber optics are bundles of

Answer 58

glass fibers

Question 59

lens coupling uses

Answer 59

beam splitting mirror

Question 60

video signal is transmitted via cable to

Answer 60

television monitor

Question 61

electron beam starts in ____ corner

Answer 61

upper left

Question 62

spot film are ____ of films to take a radiograph when needed

Answer 62

small sections

Question 63

photospot camera exposes

Answer 63

1 frame