Ch 25 Vocab

Question 0

Rift Valley

Answer 0

A long narrow depression that forms between peaks along the mid-oceanic ridge, where lava fills in the Rift Valley from below forming new oceanic crust.

Question 1

Mid-Oceanic Ridge

Answer 1

A system of continuous median mountain ranges not on the seafloor separated by valleys by the process of the hypothesis of sea floor spreading in the Atlantic Ocean

Question 2

Divergent Plate Boundary

Answer 2

The boundary where no two plates are moving away from each other such as mid-oceanic ridges which produce rift valleys.

Question 3

Subduction

Answer 3

Is the process that takes place at convergent boundaries by which one denser tectonic plate dives beneath the buoyant tectonic plate and sinks into the mantle as the plates converge.

Question 4

Convergent Plate Boundries

Answer 4

The boundary where two or more plates collide where subduction or a continental collision occurs resulting in different geological processes.

Question 5

Transform Plate Boundary

Answer 5

The boundary where two plates slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions.

Question 6

Earthquakes

Answer 6

Are a result of a sudden release of energy, in movement or vibration of the ground that creates seismic waves and occurs when rocks slip and slide along faults.

Question 7

Fault

Answer 7

Is an enormous crack or fracture in the earths crust which there has been significant movement.

Question 8

Focus

Answer 8

Refers to the point of origin of an earthquake.

Question 9

Epicenter

Answer 9

The point on the earths surface that is directly above the focus.

Question 10

Primary Waves (p waves)

Answer 10

Are a type of seismic wave, that moves as a longitudinal wave, that are the first and fast in both liquid and and magma and solid rocks.

Question 11

Secondary Waves (S waves)

Answer 11

Are a type of seismic wave that moves as shear or transverse wave. The motion is perpendicular to the direction of wave is traveling. This wave type is the second seismic wave recorded and can only travel through solid or partial melted(slower) rocks.

Question 12

Richter Scale

Answer 12

Is one of two scales used to evaluate earthquake strength and intensity by measuring energy released during an earthquake and assigning a number to quantify the 10-fold increase in wave amplitude.

Question 13

Discontinuity

Answer 13

The boundary between two layers of material that have different densities.

Question 14

Inner Core

Answer 14

The central part of the earths core! from a depth of 5100 km to center of earth(6371km).

Question 15

Outer Core

Answer 15

The outer or upper part of the earths core, for a depth of 2900 km to 5100 km in the earth.

Question 16

Mantle

Answer 16

The zone of the earth below the crust and above the core, divided into upper mantle and lower mantle.

Question 17

Asthenosphere

Answer 17

The plastic like layer of earth that moves the tectonic plates located below the lithosphere and above the upper mantle( at depths of 100km to 350km below the surface).

Question 18

Lithosphere

Answer 18

The solid layer of earth that includes the crust and the uppermost mantle combined to. E 100km in thickness.

Question 19

Hot Spots

Answer 19

Are stationary plumes of hot magma that rise stints earths surface creating an active volcano on the earths surface until the plate moves away and previous volcano becomes inactive, the magma erupts forming a volcanic island chain over time.