CH 27 Flashcards
(54 cards)
According to the Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency Act, the medical facility must:
- release the source patient’s HIV and hepatitis B status to the exposed employee.
- avoid releasing the source patient’s status to anyone due to HIPAA regulations.
- release the source patient’s status to the designated infection control officer.
- hold the source patient’s laboratory results for 24 hours before releasing them.
Release the source patients status to the designated infection control officer
The communicable period for HIV:
- begins at the onset of infection.
- is decreased with antiretroviral therapy.
- ranges from 7 to 10 days.
- is largely unknown.
Is largely unknown
Postexposure medical counseling and treatment should begin within how many hours of the paramedic testing positive?
- 48 to 72 hours
- 12 to 24 hours
- 72 to 96 hours
- 24 to 48 hours
24 to 48 hours
A 30-year-old male presents with a round skin lesion that resembles a blister under his left arm. He and his family were recently hiking. What should you suspect?
- Lyme disease
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever
- Hantavirus
- Zika virus
Lyme disease
Which of the following is a factor in determining a person’s risk of contracting an infectious disease following exposure?
- The size of the organism
- The age and sex of the patient
- The time of entry of the organism
- Host resistance of the individual
Host resistance of the individual
Which of the following medical procedures would pose the least risk of exposure to an infectious disease?
- Administering a subcutaneous injection
- Assessing a patient’s temperature by the oral route
- Covering a wound that is bleeding minimally
- Delivering the baby of an HIV-negative mother
Assessing a patient’s temperature by the oral route
Initial symptoms of Ebola include:
- photophobia and hearing loss.
- severe vomiting and diarrhea.
- spontaneous bleeding and fever.
- fever, weakness, and sore throat.
Fever, weakness, and sore throat
Chlamydia trachomatis is a:
- bacterium.
- virus.
- parasite.
- fungus.
Bacterium
In addition to children, the hepatitis A vaccine is recommended for:
- emergency response team members traveling outside the United States.
- all health care workers when an outbreak of hepatitis A is documented.
- all Federal Emergency Management Agency response team members.
- any health care worker who functions in an actual patient care setting.
Emergency response team members traveling outside the United States
Antibiotic therapy following exposure to meningitis is contraindicated for individuals who are:
- older than 45 years of age.
- severely immunocompromised.
- asymptomatic after 24 hours.
- taking birth control pills
Taking birth control pills
A person who is taking antibiotic therapy following a positive TB skin test and chest radiograph should not consume alcohol because:
- alcohol causes immunocompromise.
- the antibiotics are toxic to the liver.
- alcohol can cause a violent reaction.
- this increases the risk of active TB.
The antibiotics are toxic to the liver
When a disease infects large numbers of people and spreads all over the world, it is considered a(n):
- endemic.
- pandemic.
- outbreak.
- epidemic.
Pandemic
In developing countries, there is a strong association between the hepatitis E virus and:
- blood transfusions.
- sexual intercourse.
- infection with HIV.
- inadequate hygiene.
Inadequate hygiene
If a paramedic is exposed to lice:
- a specially made shampoo that contains a combination of a steroid and an antibiotic should be used within 6 hours after exposure.
- permethrin cream treatment may be prescribed and restrictions from patient care may be indicated until the paramedic is free of lice.
- they should immediately report to the designated infection control officer for prophylactic antiviral treatment.
- infection is unlikely because paramedics have strong immune systems due to exposure to patients with various diseases.
Permethrin cream treatment may be prescribed and restrictions from patient care may be indicated until the paramedic is free of lice
The third dose of the three-series hepatitis B vaccine is given:
- 12 months after the initial dose.
- 6 months after the first dose.
- within 2 to 3 months of the second dose.
- 4 weeks after the second dose
6 months after the first dose
A 49-year-old woman presents with a severe headache, a temperature of 103.2 degrees Fahrenheit, and photosensitivity. Her blood pressure is 140/76 mm Hg, pulse rate is 120 beats/min and strong, and respiratory rate is 22 breaths/min and regular. While caring for this patient, it is most important to:
- attempt to assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device.
- protect yourself from any nasopharyngeal secretions.
- treat her as though she is experiencing viral meningitis.
- apply a cardiac monitor and assess her tachycardia.
Protect yourself from any nasopharyngeal secretions
Which of the following is an example of indirect contact with a microorganism?
- Making brief physical contact with a person who has an infectious disease
- Becoming infected with West Nile virus from a mosquito bite
- Inhaling infected droplets from a person after he or she sneezes or coughs
- Touching a bloody stretcher railing with an open wound on your hand
Touching a bloody stretcher railing with an open wound on your hand
Which of the following is a treatment focus for a patient infected with the Ebola virus?
- Fluid rehydration
- Hemodialysis
- Antihypertensive therapy
- Antidysrhythmic therapy
Fluid rehydration
In contrast to body substance isolation precautions, standard precautions:
- is a term used to describe infection control practices that reduce the risk of exposure to blood.
- specify that sweat is an effective carrier of infectious diseases, even if the sweat makes contact with intact skin.
- emphasize protection from moist body substances that may transmit bacterial or viral infections.
- describe a universal approach in which all blood and bodily fluids are assumed to be infectious.
Emphasize protection from moist body substances that may transmit bacterial or viral infections
Which of the following statements regarding genital herpes is correct?
- The incubation period for genital herpes often lasts up to 3 weeks.
- Acyclovir is used to reduce a herpetic outbreak, but there is no cure.
- In females, genital herpes presents as a single vesicle on the vulva.
- The lesions of genital herpes remain infectious for 12 to 24 days.
Acyclovir is used to reduce a herpetic outbreak, but there is no cure.
In older adults, shingles arises when which virus resides in the ganglion of a nerve?
- Rubeola
- Herpes
- Varicella
- Rubella
Varicella
You are dispatched to an apartment complex for a 20-year-old woman who is sick. When you arrive at the scene and begin assessing the patient, she tells you that she has been experiencing a purulent vaginal discharge, but denies vaginal bleeding or a fever. Her blood pressure is 104/64 mm Hg, pulse rate is 88 beats/min and strong, and respirations are 14 breaths/min and regular. What should you suspect?
- Syphilis
- Pelvic inflammatory disease
- Chlamydia
- Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea
The primary infection with syphilis produces:
- dysuria and a purulent discharge in the urine.
- low-grade fever and pain in the genital area.
- an ulcerative chancre at the site of infection.
- numerous small pustules on the genitalia.
An ulcerative chancre at the site of the infection
Which of the following immunizations included in the CDC’s list of recommended immunizations and tests for health care providers requires a booster every 10 years?
- Influenza
- Hepatitis B vaccine
- Measles, mumps, and rubella
- Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap)
Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap)
