Ch 3

Question 1

The unique properties of an organic compound depend on

Answer 1

Carbon skeletons and atoms attached to the skeleton

Question 2

What is functional group

Answer 2

Groups of atoms directly involved in chemical reactions from organic compound

Question 3

Did you know?

Answer 3

Many biological molecules have two or more functional groups

Question 4

Macromolecules are

Answer 4

Polymers-made by stringing together many smaller molecules called monomers

Question 5

A dehydration reaction

Answer 5

Links two monomers together and removes a molecule of water

Question 6

Organisms

Answer 6

Have to break down molecules

Question 7

monomer

Question 8

carbon chemistry

Question 9

Hydrolysis

Answer 9

any chemical reaction in which a molecule of water breaks one or more chemical bonds.

Question 10

proteins are made out of

Answer 10

amino acids

Question 11

monosaccharides definition

Answer 11

single molecules that make up carbohydrates, single carbon structure that can combine to a larger structure. sugar

Question 12

fructose and glucose

Answer 12

are isomers, have the same structure

Question 13

plants make sucrose by

Answer 13

combining fructose and glucose

Question 14

lactose is made by

Answer 14

combining galactose and glucose

Question 15

monosaccharides

Answer 15

glucose, fructose and galactose

Question 16

disaccharides

Answer 16

comprised of two monosaccharides bonded together

Question 17

polysaccharides

Answer 17

made of many many many sugar monosaccharides: starch, glycogen, cellulose

Question 18

starch (found in plants)

Answer 18

many glucose molecules stitched together in long chains (single chains)

Question 19

glycogen

Answer 19

how your body stores carbohydrates found in muscle and liver

Question 20

glycogen structure

Answer 20

is made of glucose but is branched off

Question 21

cellulose

Answer 21

is a major component in cell walls, building structure in plants

Question 22

cellulose

Answer 22

glucose molecules together but, chains are connected with hydrogen bond

Question 23

polar molecules

Answer 23

combine really well together, polar means + and - salt is polar

Question 24

fats

Answer 24

glycerol ( 3 carbon structure) and 3 fatty acids

Question 25

CH IS

Answer 25

non polar

Question 26

saturated

Answer 26

single bonds, Saturated fats are solid at room temperature,accessible for digestion,

Question 27

un saturated

Answer 27

double bonds. ,while unsaturated fats are liquid

Question 28

saponification reaction

Answer 28

a chemical process where a fat or oil (triglyceride) reacts with a strong base (like sodium hydroxide) to produce soap and glycerol

Question 29

hydrophobic

Answer 29

non polar like fats

Question 30

hydrophilic

Answer 30

polar, likes water

Question 31

steroids (type of lipid)

Answer 31

are hormones, they are carbon rings and are derived from cholestorol

Question 32

fats are not polymers they are

Answer 32

triglycerides

Question 33

monomer of protein

Answer 33

is an amino acid

Question 34

polypeptide

Answer 34

is our protein precursor, 100s of amino acids combined to polypeptide

Question 35

amino acids are needed to build

Answer 35

protein

Question 36

every chemical reaction in your body is

Answer 36

catalyzed

Question 37

every amino acid consists of a central carbon atom

Answer 37

bonded to four covalent partners

Question 38

what defines amino acid

Answer 38

amino and carboxyl groups

Question 39

peptide bonds

Answer 39

that connect amino acids to form polypeptide chains, which fold into functional proteins.

Question 40

essential amino acids

Answer 40

our body can not make this, we eat it

Question 41

prion

Answer 41

is a misfiled protein, can't be used