ch. 3&4

Question 1

Fracture with no open skin wound; also called simple fracture.

Answer 1

closed fracture

Question 2

common wrist fracture

Answer 2

colles fracture

Question 3

fracture where bone is shattered, splintered, or crushed

Answer 3

comminuted fracture

Question 4

fracture with an open skin wound; also called open fracture

Answer 4

compound fracture

Question 5

fracture with loss of height in vertebral body; often from osteoporosis.

Answer 5

compression fracture

Question 6

incomplete break, one side of bone is broken, the other is bent, common in children

Answer 6

greenstick fracture

Question 7

bone fragments are pushed into each other

Answer 7

impacted fracture

Question 8

fracture at an angle to bone

Answer 8

oblique fracture

Question 9

fracture caused by diseased or weakened bone

Answer 9

pathologic fracture

Question 10

fracture line spiral around shaft of bone, often slower to heal

Answer 10

spiral fracture

Question 10

slight fracture caused by repetitive low impact forces like running

Answer 10

stress fracture

Question 10

smooth muscle

Answer 10

found in the internal organs. Involuntary movement

Question 10

movement away from midline of body

Answer 10

abduction

Question 10

movement toward midline of body

Answer 10

adduction

Question 10

skeletal muscles

Answer 10

Attached to the bone, it is wrapped in fascia that tapers to forma a tendon. voluntary

Question 10

cardiac muscles

Answer 10

makes up the walls of the heart, involuntary

Question 10

fracture is straight across bone

Answer 10

transverse fracture

Question 10

act of bending or being bent

Answer 10

flexion

Question 10

brings limb into a straight condition

Answer 10

extension

Question 11

backward bending of foot

Answer 11

dorsiflexion

Question 12

bending sole of foot; pointing toes

Answer 12

plantar flexion

Question 13

turning outward

Answer 13

eversion

Question 14

turning inward

Answer 14

inversion

Question 16

turning palm downward

Answer 16

pronation

Question 17

turning palm upward

Answer 17

supination

Question 18

to raise

Answer 18

elevation

Question 19

to drop

Answer 19

depression

Question 20

artificial device to substitute for a missing or damaged body part

Answer 20

prosthetic

Question 21

brace or splint used to prevent or correct deformities

Answer 21

orthotic

Question 22

apply a pulling force on fracture or dislocation to restore alignments

Answer 22

traction

Question 23

– realigning bone fragments of fracture; closed reduction is manipulation without surgery; open reduction requires surgery.

Answer 23

reduction

Question 24

Stabilizes fracture while it heals; external fixation includes cast and splints; internal fixation includes pins, plates and screws.

Answer 24

fixation

Question 25

allow almost no movement; They are joined by thick fibrous tissue that can fuse into bone. EX is the sutures of the skull.

Answer 25

Fibrous Joints

Question 26

Allow for slight movement They hold bones firmly in place with a solid piece of cartilage EX. Is the pubic symphysis, which allows the pelvis to widen during childbirth

Answer 26

cartilaginous joints

Question 27

Are freely moving joints They are most common type of joint EX. Is a ball and socket joint

Answer 27

synovial joints

Question 28

sternum

Answer 28

breastbone

Question 29

phalanges

Answer 29

fingers and toes

Question 30

patella

Answer 30

kneecap

Question 31

tibia

Answer 31

shin

Question 32

clavicle

Answer 32

collar bone

Question 33

scapula

Answer 33

shoulder blades

Question 34

major of bones are....

Answer 34

long bones

Question 35

long bones have two parts...

Answer 35

diaphysis and epiphysis

Question 36

what covers the epiphysis

Answer 36

articular cartilage

Question 37

what covers the rest of the bones

Answer 37

periosteum

Question 38

hard exterior of the bones is called what

Answer 38

compact or cortical bone

Question 39

cancellous or spongy bone is found...

Answer 39

inside the bone

Question 40

femur, humorous

Answer 40

long bone (longer than wide)

Question 41

carpals, tarsals

Answer 41

short bones (roughly as long as wide)

Question 42

sternum, scapula, pelvis

Answer 42

flat bones ( plate-shaped)

Question 43

vertebrae

Answer 43

irregular bones ( shaped very irregular)

Question 44

verruca

Answer 44

warts

Question 45

urticaria

Answer 45

hives

Question 46

bulla

Answer 46

blisters

Question 47

alopecia

Answer 47

baldness

Question 48

ecchymosis

Answer 48

bruise

Question 49

abrasion

Answer 49

scraped skin

Question 50

varicella

Answer 50

contagious viral infection

Question 51

pigmented skin blemish, birthmark, or mole; benign

Answer 51

nevus

Question 52

flat, discolored spot on skin. (Freckle

Answer 52

macule

Question 53

thick hypertrophic scar

Answer 53

keloid

Question 54

normal scar

Answer 54

cicatrix

Question 55

important layer of fatty tissue below the skin The subcutaneous layer, or HYPODERMIS, lies beneath the skin. It is composed of fat cells called LIPOCYTES. It protects the deeper tissues of body and acts as insulation against heat and cold.

Answer 55

subcutaneous layer

Question 56

The middle, fibrous connective tissue layer. located between the epidermis and the subcutaneous layer. made of connective tissue and collagen fibers the dermis create unique fingerprints

Answer 56

dermis

Question 57

The thin, outer membrane layer composed of stratified squamous epithelium. no blood supply or connective tissue basal layer is the deepest layer of the epidermis

Answer 57

epidermis

Question 58

the functions of the skin

Answer 58

* Protection * House nerve receptors * Secrete fluids * Regulate temperature