1. Hose rolls 2. Bucket Brigade 3. Wet line/dry line method 4. Continuous Line method 5. downhill extension 6. uphill extension 7. pulling hose with helicopters

ch 3. Basic Operations/ch 4. Safety Issues Flashcards by Manny Aroz

the ultimate objective at a brush fire is to contain the fire to a given permitter by establishing a?

fire control line around it

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What is an unfinished preliminary control line made as an emergency action to check the spread of the fire and to establish control of the perimeter

Scratch line

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What is a firebreak that is wide enough for permanent control that can be used in a direct/indirect attack.

Constructed by personnel with tools or tractors

Control line

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methods of extension

Hose rolls
Bucket Brigade
Wet line/dry line method
Continuous Line method
downhill extension
uphill extension
pulling hose with helicopters

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sling load capabilities of helicopter (smaller bell model 206) in lbs

750 lbs

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weight of one section of 2 1/2”

38 lbs

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weight of one section of 4”

49 lbs

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bight of helicopter hose sling is how long

15-20’ from the end

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who determines if a water shuttle operation is needed and what type will be used

Incident Commander

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600’ hose bed will cover 528’ or

1/10 mile w/ sufficient slack

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in a water relay, lay the lines ____ style

caravan

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each engineer in a water relay should signal for water as soon as

completed his hook up

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all pumps in relay will maintain ___ psi

180

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The delivery to each succeeding pump in the line will be ___ gpm at __ psi positive pressure

900 gpm at 10 psi positive pressure

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last pump of the relay operates at the pressure necessary to provide?

a good working stream at the nozzles

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if shutdown is needed during relay, address which pump

at the hydrant only

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in relay situation, shutdowns are always initiated

at the source of supply

*never shut water off at the nozzle

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In relay; do not use shutoff butts. They will restrict the flow of water to approximately ___ gpm

450

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how many apparatus per 1/10th mile for a relay

one apparatus plus one extra triple for the hydrant

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minimum drops an engine company can do for an exposure lay

3 drops

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Siphon ejectors reference by size, 1” or 1 1/2” is with regard to

inlet hose dimension

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Ejector series 65-A 1” will supply how many 1” spray tips

one

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Ejector series 67-A 1 1/2” will supply how many 1” spray tips at 75 nozzle pressure

three 1”

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at grade level pump what to siphon ejector

60 psi

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for every 10' increase in head, inlet psi increases how much

20 psi per 10'

Swimming pool auxiliary water supply draft water through what size Poly vinyl chloride (PVC) pipe

SPAWS system is comprised of how many feet of 4" white PVC pipe

110'

In most cases the SPAWS system can be deployed by a Task Force in less than how many minutes

10 minutes

During emergency operations the 4" PVC line may be easily cut with

1. rotary saw with wood/metal cutting blade 2. Cross cut wood saw 3. Hack saw

Where can the spawn system be transported by

1. Truck 2. Department Helicopter 3. Stake bed truck assigned to Valley Shops at FS 88

When transporting SPAWS system via helicopter the sliding doors remain open and the airspeed of the helicopter is limited to __ knots

Whose approval shall be obtained prior to backfiring

Incident Commander

Backfiring shall not be attempted unless

1. all exposed structures are protected or 2. all structures are considered at risk

what is burning grass or brush to create a firebreak

backfire

for brush; this phase is the same as overhauling at structure fire

cold trailing

what is considered a well constructed coldtrail

half in and half out of the burn

recommended width of the cold trail

somewhere between the same height as the brush and twice the height of the brush

what is necessary to prevent burning or smoldering objects such as cactus, pineapples, logs, etc from rolling downhill past the fireline

trench

A trench should never be less than ___ foot wide and ___ foot deep

1' wide 1' deep

In selecting tools for cold trailing, the most overlooked tool is

McCloud

Which hand tool is more versatile than the McCloud

round point shovel

What's the worst thing for a shovel blade

Paint, mud and dirt stick to paint creating a big ball of mud and dirt

Coldtrailing team

1. Pioneer- cut heavy limbs and brush 2. Thrower-removes all loose limbs and throws brush cut by pioneer deep into the burn 3. 3rd member scrapes to mineral earth removing duff and leaves 4. Captain- inspect and guarantee cold trail is secure

Coldtrailing on a slope is easiest if done from the top down, but best if done

from bottom up

Helicopter landing pad(s) shall be located in the downwind ____ of the available area on a flat surface free of obstacles and debris

1/3

if radio traffic is heavy, method of indicating wind direction to pilot

Stand at the windward side of the helispot with your back to the wind and arms outstretched in front of you

how many protection line may serve two landing pads

single protection line

where is dry chem to be placed and remain there during the time helispot is in operation

at the wye

desired water flow (gpm) at the Helicopter Kam-lok

360 GPM

minimum clearance between landing pads (center to center)

150 feet

to prevent injury when connecting and disconnecting fill devices, Keep what on skid at all times

your foot

As the helicopter is filled with water its weight increases, causing the helicopter skids to spread up to __ inches towards the outside

For Dual Pad operation; each landing pad shall have what for each Kam-Lok assembly from the supply line

separate 2 1/2" hose line

It has been noted in prolonged wildland firefighting operations that the greatest number of injuries occur from fatigue due to ___

heat

Safe practice to prevent or minimize dehydration would include carrying

canteen of water

How many wildland watch out situations

How many interior firefighting watch outs

How many standard firefighting orders

the ten standard firefighting orders were developed by

US forest Service

Good examples of escape routes

1. burned over areas 2. firebreaks cleared spots 3. roads 4. never above the fire

what's one of the most hazardous fire conditions facing the wildland firefighter

Spot fires

approach to work on a spot fire

DON'T GO DIRECTLY DOWNHILL TO WORK ON A SPOT FIRE: GO DOWN TO THE UPWIND SIDE, THEN OVER TO THE FIRE ON THE SAME LEVEL OR LOWER. THIS WILL HELP PROVIDE AN ESCAPE ROUTE.

Saddles can even lope large areas and burn with great rapidity back up the ridge because of what created by the saddle?

venturi type of vacuum created by the saddle and because of the rolling eddy that develops on the lee slope

what are danger signs to watch out for in a canyon bottoms

1. Spot fires on the far side away from the main body of the fire. This is a sign that the fuel on the far side is pre-heating. The entire canyon fall could burst into flame without warning. 2. Fire whirlwinds in the canyon bottom indicating unstable air. You may be able to move in after the fire bottoms the canyon and makes a move towards the opposite canyon wall. Once the fire starts up the opposite side of the canyon, you probably won't be able to stop it short of the ridge.

fire shelter made of

aluminum bonded to a fiberglass cloth w/ nontoxic, high temp adhesive

Fire shelter will select ___ % of a flame front's radiant heat

95%

The remaining 5% of radiant heat is absorbed by what?

the fire shelter

With prolonged exposure, inside the fire shelter's temperature can exceed ___F

150F

After several training sessions, deployment can be accomplished in how many seconds

25 seconds or less

What are the two most important actions during entrapment

1. Staying under your shelter 2. Protecting airways, lungs, and skin by lying prone, face to the ground

NEVER WET YOURSELF DOWN wet clothing conducts heat ___ times faster than dry clothing, making skin burns more likely

Deployment site should be free of fuels. Scrape and clear an area of what size down to mineral soil?

4' x 8'

flame fronts can generate winds of ___ mph or more, shelters must be held down firmly

50 mph

Keep your nose to the ground, approximately a ___ inch layer of cooler, cleaner air can be found at ground level

During prolonged entrapment, temperatures within the fire shelter can range from

150F-200F

Studies indicate by taking short, shallow breaths through the nose, air as hot as ___F can be inhaled at LOW humidity for brief periods of time

400F

Inspect fire shelter when

1. Monthly 2. or after being carried by members in the field

What is the most common type of shelter damage

Abrasion

If you find a hole in the vinyl bag or the quick opening strip is broken

shelter is still serviceable and can be resealed with durable tape

If aluminum particles have turned the normally clear vinyl bag gray, what does this mean?

serious abrasion has occurred, remove shelter from service

Remove shelters from service when tears exceed ___ inch long

one

Shelters with dents or punctures in the foil over ___ inch wide or with ____ inch or more of foil missing shall be removed from service.

one one half

ch 3. Basic Operations/ch 4. Safety Issues Flashcards

(82 cards)