Ch. 3 Biological Implications (Test 2)

Question 1

The 101st Congress of the US designated the 1990s as what? What was the challenge?

Answer 1

“Decade of the Brain.” The challenge of studying the biological basis of behavior.

Question 2

Behavioral phenomena result from what?

Answer 2

From the interaction between biological, psychological, and sociological systems.

Question 3

What are three major parts of the brain?

Answer 3

Forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain

Question 4

How were most psychological drugs discovered before the 90s?

Answer 4

By trial and error (ex: Thorazine, Nardil (an MAOI for TB, BP))

Question 5

Up until what decade were there no psychological medications?

Answer 5

60s

Question 6

What parts make up the forebrain?

Answer 6

Cerebrum, diencephalon

Question 7

What part makes up the midbrain?

Answer 7

Mesencephalon

Question 8

What parts make up the hindbrain?

Answer 8

Pons, medulla, cerebellum

Question 9

What are neurons composed of?

Answer 9

Cell body, axons, dendrites

Question 10

What are the classes of neurons?

Answer 10

Afferent, efferent, interneurons

Question 11

What category are neurons under?

Answer 11

Nerve tissue

Question 12

Neurotransmitters are under what category?

Answer 12

Synapses

Question 13

What make up neurotransmitters?

Answer 13

Cholinergic, monoamines, amino acids, neuropeptides

Question 14

What makes up the spinal cord?

Answer 14

Fiber tracts, spinal nerves

Question 15

What 2 systems make up the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 15

Afferent, efferent

Question 16

What makes up the afferent system?

Answer 16

Somatic and visceral sensory neurons

Question 17

What makes up the efferent system?

Answer 17

Somatic and autonomic nervous system

Question 18

What lobes make up the pituitary gland?

Answer 18

Posterior lobe, anterior lobe

Question 19

What make up the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland?

Answer 19

Vasopressin, oxytocin

Question 20

What makes up the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland?

Answer 20

GH, TSH, adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin, gonadotropic hormones, melanocyte-stimulating hormone

Question 21

How does a person feel without growth hormone? What is GH for?

Answer 21

Can feel tired, depressed. It is for growth in children and protein synthesis.

Question 22

What happens when you do not have enough TSH?

Answer 22

You see weight gain, and have less energy.

Question 23

Implications for psychiatric illness

Answer 23

Schizophrenia, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, anorexia nervosa, Alzheimer’s disease

Question 24

Diagnostic procedures

Answer 24

Electroencephalography, computerized EEG mapping, computed tomographic scan, positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, MRI

Question 25

When were neuroleptics introduced?

Answer 25

1950s

Question 26

What were neuroleptics intended to be used for?

Answer 26

As an adjunct to individual or group psychotherapy

Question 27

What test can diagnose schizophrenia

Answer 27

PET

Question 28

What are the roles of the nurse?

Answer 28

Ethical and legal implications, assessment, med admin and evaluation, client education

Question 29

Where do psychotropic medications effects occur?

Answer 29

Effects occur at the neuronal synapse

Question 30

What do most antidepressants block?

Answer 30

Block reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine

Question 31

What do antipsychotics block?

Answer 31

Block dopamine (and others) receptors

Question 32

What do atypicals block?

Answer 32

Specific serotonin receptor

Question 33

What do benzodiazepines facilitate?

Answer 33

Transmission of GABA

Question 34

What do stimulants increase?

Answer 34

Release of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine

Question 35

What is the emphasis on in psychiatric nursing?

Answer 35

A smooth transition from a psychosocial approach to a biopsychosocial focus

Question 36

What must be incorporated into nursing practice, education, and research?

Answer 36

New science and technology

Question 37

What effect does excess Haldol have?

Answer 37

Pseudo-Parkinson’s disease as a side effect

Question 38

What is GABA?

Answer 38

Helps anxiety???

Question 39

Psychiatric nurses must have a specialized knowledge about?

Answer 39

Neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, neuronal processes, neuroendocrinology, Circadian rhythms, genetic influences, psychoimmunology, psychopharmacology, diagnostic technology

Question 40

*Know how drugs work and side effects for test!

Answer 40

!!!!