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ANAT 316 FINAL > Ch. 3 - Face and Senses > Flashcards

Ch. 3 - Face and Senses Flashcards

1
Q

What connects the eye and the central nervous system?

A

optic nerve (CN II)

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2
Q

The orbit is ________ in shape.

A

pyramidal, tip of the pyramid being the eyeball

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3
Q

Where is the apex of the orbit located?

A

junction of the superior and inferior orbital fissures

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4
Q

The superior orbital fissure is a passage for which cranial nerves?

A

CN III, CN IV, CN V1, CN VI

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5
Q

The sensory component of the eye that is stiuated at the back and connected directly to the optic nerve is called the _______.

A

retina

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6
Q

What does the lens of the eye do?

A

acts as a refracting prism, focusing light rays onto the retina

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7
Q

The anterior part of the outer layer of the eye is called the…

A

cornea

  • transparent with a small radius
  • focus penetrating light rays
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8
Q

The rest of the eye is enveloped in the opaque _______.

A

sclera

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9
Q

Which layer of the eye contains the blood supply and is the opening for the pupil?

A

middle layer - choroid

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10
Q

What is the retina made up of?

A

nerve cells connected to the optic nerve

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11
Q

What are the light sensitive cells of the retina called?

A

rods and cones

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12
Q

What is the most sensitive area of the retina and directly in line with the cornea and lens?

A

fovea centralis

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13
Q

Where do the nerve cells leave to join the optic nerve?

A

optic disc

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14
Q

Which chamber of the eye contains the aqueous humor and the pupil?

A

anterior chamber

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15
Q

Which chamber is posterior to the iris, contains aqueous humor and surrounds the lens?

A

posterior chamber

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16
Q

Which chamber is behind the lens and is filled with gelatinous vitreous humor?

A

vitreous body

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17
Q

Which muscles control the thickness of the lens?

A

ciliary muscles via the suspensory ligaments

18
Q

What do the dilator and sphincter pupillae control?

A

amount of light entering the pupil

19
Q

The ciliary muscles and sphincter pupillae are under parasympathetic nervous control by CN ____ via the ________.

A

CN III via ciliary ganglion

20
Q

How many extraocular muscles are there?

A

7 in total but 6 that control eye movement

21
Q

What does the levator palpebrae superioris do?

A

elevates the upper eye lid

22
Q

Where does the superior oblique originate?

A

from fibrous ring

-runs through trochlea and goes to back of the lateral part of the eyeball

23
Q

The inferior oblique originates…

A

near the middle of the floor of the orbit

-runs under the eye to insert on its lateral underside

24
Q

What does the somatic innervation from CN III supply?

A

all the orbital muscles except for the lateral rectus and superior oblique

25
Q

The sympathetic preganglionic acons of the eye leave the spinal cord at what level?

A

T1

26
Q

What is the name of the continuous membrane inside of the eyelids?

A

conjunctiva

27
Q

Where do tears enter?

A

conjunctival sacs

28
Q

The tears migrate medially into the ___________ via the lacrimal punctum

A

lacrimal duct

29
Q

What is the name of the muscular tube that hangs down from the base of the occipital bone in front of the cervical vertebrae?

A

pharynx

30
Q

What are the three regions of the pharynx

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

31
Q

How does the nasopharynx communicate with the middle ear?

A

tympanic (Eustachian) tube

32
Q

What connects the oropharynx and the mouth?

A

fauces

33
Q

What part of the pharynx extends from the hyoid bone to the esophagus?

A

laryngopharynx

34
Q

What protects the opening of the laryngopharynx?

A

epiglottis

35
Q

What are the tonsils responsible for?

A

protecting the GI tract from infection

36
Q

Where is the pharyngeal tonsil located?

A

posterior wall of the top of the pharynx (nasopharynx)

37
Q

What are the lingual tonsils?

A

small clusters of lymphoid tissue found on the posterior part of the tongue

38
Q

What are the two parts of the mouth?

A

vestibule & oral cavity

39
Q

Which part of the mouth is located between the lips and gums?

A

vestibule

40
Q

What are the four extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

genioglossus, hyoglussus, styloglossus, palatoglossus

41
Q

Which muscle pulls the tongue forward?

A

genioglossus

42
Q

Which muscle depresses the tongue laterally?

A

hyoglossus

ANAT 316 FINAL (3 decks)

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