Ch. 3 Musculoskeletal System & Connective Tissue Flashcards by Breanna Lafferty

What are the skeletal bones divided by ICD-10_PCS classifications broken down into what 3 divisions?

Head & Facial bones
Upper bones
Lower bones

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What is the musculoskeletal system composed of?

The 3 interrelated parts:
bones
joints
muscles

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what are bones connected to one another by?

glassy cartilage
ligaments
cortical
tendon

LIGAMENTS

Ligaments=fibrous bands of tissue that connect bones

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What are the muscles attached to the bone by?

ligaments
fascia
tendons
foraman

TENDONS

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what is the tough fibrous cover of the muscles called?

FASCIA

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What is the 5 functions of the Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue?

1) Act as a framework for the organ systems
2) protect many of the body’s organs
3) provide the organism with the ability to move
4) provide formation of blood cells
5) Act as storage for mineral salts (calcium & phosphorus) and fat cells

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What two types of connective tissue is the skeletal system composed of?

Cartilage &Bone

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What are cartilage and bone composed of a structural protein called——?

Collagen
coll/o (glue)

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Name the CRANIUM bones in the Skull.

Frontal bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
Lacrimal bone
Nasal bone
Vomer
Maxilla
Mandible
Mental Foramen
Zygomatic bone
Mastoid Process
Occipital bone
Temporal bone
Parietal Bone
Hyoid Bone

Frontal bone-
Sphenoid bone-
Ethmoid bone-
Occipital bone-
Temporal bone-
Hyoid Bone-

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Name the FACIAL Bones in the Skull.

Frontal bone
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
Lacrimal bone
Nasal bone
Vomer
Maxilla
Mandible
Mental Foramen
Zygomatic bone
Mastoid Process
Occipital bone
Temporal bone
Parietal Bone
Hyoid Bone

Zygoma-Cheekbone

Lacrimal Bone-bones at the corner of each eye

Orbit-bony socket of the eyeball

Maxilla-Upper jaw

Mandible-lower jaw

Palatine Bone-structures of the roof of mouth

Nasal Bones-bridge of nose

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What are the 5 regions of the Spine?

Cervical=neck bones (c1-c7)
Thoracic=upper back (t1-T12
Lumbar=Lower Back (L1-L5
Sacral=Sacrum (S1-S5) fused together
Coccygeal=Coccyx (tailbone)

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What are the tree types of Ribs?
NOT BarBQue!

True Ribs
False Ribs
Floating Ribs

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Bone Locator Time!

https://stritch.luc.edu/lumen/meded/grossanatomy/learnem/bones/main_bone.htm

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What combining form means cartilage?

Cervic/o-
Lamin/o-
Ethmoid/o-
Chondr/o-
Thorac/o-
Crani /o-
Occipit/ o-
Cost/ o-
Zygomat/ o-
Lumb /o-
Mandibul/ o-
Coccyg / o-
Vertebr/ o-
Palat/o-
Maxill/ o-
Stern/o-

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What combining form means lower jaw bone?

Cervic/o-
Lamin/o-
Ethmoid/o-
Chondr/o-
Thorac/o-
Crani /o-
Occipit/ o-
Cost/ o-
Zygomat/ o-
Lumb /o-
Mandibul/ o-
Coccyg / o-
Vertebr/ o-
Palat/o-
Maxill/ o-
Stern/o-

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What’s combining form means rib?

Cervic/o-
Lamin/o-
Ethmoid/o-
Chondr/o-
Thorac/o-
Crani /o-
Occipit/ o-
Cost/ o-
Zygomat/ o-
Lumb /o-
Mandibul/ o-
Coccyg / o-
Vertebr/ o-
Palat/o-
Maxill/ o-
Stern/o-

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What combining form means backbone?

Cervic/o-
Lamin/o-
Ethmoid/o-
Chondr/o-
Thorac/o-
Crani /o-
Occipit/ o-
Cost/ o-
Zygomat/ o-
Lumb /o-
Mandibul/ o-
Coccyg / o-
Vertebr/ o-
Palat/o-
Maxill/ o-
Stern/o-

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What combining form means lower back?

Cervic/o-
Lamin/o-
Ethmoid/o-
Chondr/o-
Thorac/o-
Crani /o-
Occipit/ o-
Cost/ o-
Zygomat/ o-
Lumb /o-
Mandibul/ o-
Coccyg / o-
Vertebr/ o-
Palat/o-
Maxill/ o-
Stern/o-

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What combining form means cheekbone?

Cervic/o-
Lamin/o-
Ethmoid/o-
Chondr/o-
Thorac/o-
Crani /o-
Occipit/ o-
Cost/ o-
Zygomat/ o-
Lumb /o-
Mandibul/ o-
Coccyg / o-
Vertebr/ o-
Palat/o-
Maxill/ o-
Stern/o-

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What combining for me means roof and walls of navel cavity

Cervic/o-
Lamin/o-
Ethmoid/o-
Chondr/o-
Thorac/o-
Crani /o-
Occipit/ o-
Cost/ o-
Zygomat/ o-
Lumb /o-
Mandibul/ o-
Coccyg / o-
Vertebr/ o-
Palat/o-
Maxill/ o-
Stern/o-

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What combining form means roof of mouth?

Cervic/o-
Lamin/o-
Ethmoid/o-
Chondr/o-
Thorac/o-
Crani /o-
Occipit/ o-
Cost/ o-
Zygomat/ o-
Lumb /o-
Mandibul/ o-
Coccyg / o-
Vertebr/ o-
Palat/o-
Maxill/ o-
Stern/o-

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What’s combining form means neck?

Cervic/o-
Lamin/o-
Ethmoid/o-
Chondr/o-
Thorac/o-
Crani /o-
Occipit/ o-
Cost/ o-
Zygomat/ o-
Lumb /o-
Mandibul/ o-
Coccyg / o-
Vertebr/ o-
Palat/o-
Maxill/ o-
Stern/o-

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What combining form means skull?
Cervic/o-
Lamin/o-
Ethmoid/o-
Chondr/o-
Thorac/o-
Crani /o-
Occipit/ o-
Cost/ o-
Zygomat/ o-
Lumb /o-
Mandibul/ o-
Coccyg / o-
Vertebr/ o-
Palat/o-
Maxill/ o-
Stern/o-

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What combining form means lamina vertebra?

Cervic/o-
Lamin/o-
Ethmoid/o-
Chondr/o-
Thorac/o-
Crani /o-
Occipit/ o-
Cost/ o-
Zygomat/ o-
Lumb /o-
Mandibul/ o-
Coccyg / o-
Vertebr/ o-
Palat/o-
Maxill/ o-
Stern/o-

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What combining form means upper jawbone? Cervic/o- Lamin/o- Ethmoid/o- Chondr/o- Thorac/o- Crani /o- Occipit/ o- Cost/ o- Zygomat/ o- Lumb /o- Mandibul/ o- Coccyg / o- Vertebr/ o- Palat/o- Maxill/ o- Stern/o-

What's combining form means back of skull Cervic/o- Lamin/o- Ethmoid/o- Chondr/o- Thorac/o- Crani /o- Occipit/ o- Cost/ o- Zygomat/ o- Lumb /o- Mandibul/ o- Coccyg / o- Vertebr/ o- Palat/o- Maxill/ o- Stern/o-

What combining form means chest? Cervic/o- Lamin/o- Ethmoid/o- Chondr/o- Thorac/o- Crani /o- Occipit/ o- Cost/ o- Zygomat/ o- Lumb /o- Mandibul/ o- Coccyg / o- Vertebr/ o- Palat/o- Maxill/ o- Stern/o-

What combining form means tailbone? Cervic/o- Lamin/o- Ethmoid/o- Chondr/o- Thorac/o- Crani /o- Occipit/ o- Cost/ o- Zygomat/ o- Lumb /o- Mandibul/ o- Coccyg / o- Vertebr/ o- Palat/o- Maxill/ o- Stern/o-

What combining form means breast bone? Cervic/o- Lamin/o- Ethmoid/o- Chondr/o- Thorac/o- Crani /o- Occipit/ o- Cost/ o- Zygomat/ o- Lumb /o- Mandibul/ o- Coccyg / o- Vertebr/ o- Palat/o- Maxill/ o- Stern/o-

Translate submandibular

Translate costochondral

Translate lumbosacral

Translate thoracic

Translate substernal

What are the in plate like structures that form parts of the arch on either side of the spinous process?

Laminae

What is the Thorn like projection on the back of a vertebra?

SPinous process

What connects the laminae to the vertebral body?

Vertebral pedicles

What are small rounded processes that articulate between vertebrae?

Facets

What are facets also called

Articular processes

Are facets or articular processes? Inferior or superior?

Either

How many cervical vertebrae are there? 12 5 3 7

How many thoracic vertebrae are there? 3. 5. 12. 7

How many lumbar vertebrae are there? 5 7 3 12

What is the opening in the center of each vertebra where the spinal cord passes?

Vertebral foramen

What is also called the neural arch

Vertebral arch

What is the posterior part of the bone?

Vertebral arch also called neural arch

What does the vertebral arch consist of?

2. Laminae, the spinous process, the vertebral pedicles and the facets

What is C1 called and why?

It is called Atlas named for the Greek god who held up the heavens

What is C2 called?

The axis for its role in permitting rotation of the head

What is the Odontoid process?

It is unique to c2too. It is also called the dens. It is a small tooth-like projection for the first cervical vertebra to rotate around

How many bones is in the vertebrae? 54 39 12 26 18

What Is it difference between true and false ribs?

True ribs have seven pairs attached directly to the breast bone in the front of the body False ribs have three pairs attached to the sternum by cartilage

What is the rib cage called?

Sternum or breastbone

What is the sharp point at the most inferior aspect of the sternum called?

Xiphoid process

Xiph / o-

Xiphoid process

What is the pair of small bones that make up the bridge of the nose?

Vomer and nasal septum

What is the nasal septum?

The wall that separates the nostrils

What is the vomer?

The bone that forms the posterior/ inferior part of the nasal septum between the nostrils

What can also be called the mandibular bone?

Mandible

What are the holes in the central part body of the mandible called?

Mental formina

What is a posterior projection of the ramus that articulates with the temporal bone?

Condyloid process

What is the mandibular notch?

The depression between the coronoid and condylar processes

What is the anterior projection of the ramis?

Coronoid process

What are the three names for cheekbone?

Zygoma Malar Zygomatic bone

Translate costochondral

Cost/ o equals rib Chondr/ o is cartilage - aL is pertaining to Pertaining to rib cartilage

Describe the difference between cortical and cancellous phone

Cortical (compact)-dense, stronger, outer segment of bones Cancellous (Spongy/trabecular)-open, weaker part.

The ICD-10-PCS divides the entire skeleton into three categories. What are they?

Head & Facial Bones Upper Bones Lower Bones

The appendicular skeleton comprises of

Shoulder and pelvic girdles & upper an lower extremities.

The AXIAL skeleton comprises of

Skull, Vertebrae (back bones), and Rib Cage

What are the five bone shapes?

Long, Short, Flat, Irregular, Sasamoid

What is synonym for a sinus

antrum

A foramen, a sinus and a fossa are examples of bone.......

depressions

Acondyle, atrochanter, and atuberosity are examples of bone.....

The outer covering a bone is the blank, whereas the inner lining is the blank

The outer covering a bone is the periosteum, whereas the inner lining is the endosteum

The shaft of a long bone is called the

diaphsis

The ends of a long bone are called blank (plural)

epiphyses

Osteoblast blank bone, whereas osteoclast blank bone

Osteoblast BUILD bone, whereas Osteoclast BREAK DOWNbone

What word part means bone Myel/ o- - physis Peri- Condyl/ o- Spin / o – Sin/ o- Foramen /O- - um - blast EPI- Foss /o- Endo Oste /o- - cyte - clast

Oste/o

What word part means foramen, hole

foramin/o

Which word part means above, upon?

epi-

Which word part means cell?

cyte-

Which word part means bone marrow?

myel/o

Which word part means surrounding, around?

peri-

Which word part means embryonic?

-blast

Which word part means spine?

spin/o

Which word part means breaking down?

-clast

Which word part means growth, nature?

-physis

Which word part means hollow, depression?

foss/o

Which word part means condyle, knob?

condyl/o

Which word part means within?

endo-

Which word part means sinus, cavity?

sin/o

Which word part means structure?

-um

What is the meaning or function of tuberosity? Hint ischial tuberosity

Elevation of pro-tuberance Larger than a tubercle

What is the meaning or function of tubercle?

Nigel or small raised area

Tubercul/ o

Tubercle

What is the meaning or function of trochanter?

One or two bony projections on the proximal ends of the femurs that serve as points of attachment for muscles

What is the meaning of function of spine?

What is the meaning or function of the neck?

Narrowed area distal to a bonehead

What is rounded, usually proximal portion of some long bones?

Head

What is small smooth, flat articular surface called?

Facet

What is projection on the surface of the bone above the condyle?

Epicondyle

What is the meaning of crest?

Narrowing elongated elevation

What is rounded projection at the end of a bone that anchors the ligaments in articulates with adjacent bones?

Condyle

What is the general term that refers to a groove or depression in an anatomical structure, not as deep as fissure?

Sulcus

What is the cavity or channel lined with a membrane?

Sinus/ antrum

What is small pit or depression?

Fovea

What is hollow or depression, especially on the surface of the end of a bone

Fossa

What is the opening or hole?

Foramen

What is fissure?

Fairly deep cleft or groove

Match Up: A) Lower Jawbone. 1)Verebr/o B) Rib 2) lumb/o C) Backbone 3) Maxill/o D)Lower Back 4) Zygomat/o E) Cheekbone 5) Cost/o

A) Lower Jawbone=3) Maxill/o B) Rib =5) Cost/o C) Backbone = 1)Verebr/o D)Lower Back=2) lumb/o E) Cheekbone=4) Zygomat/o

F) Roof & Wall of nasal cavity. 1) palat G) Cartilage 2) Ethmoid H) Roof of Mouth 3) crani/o I) Neck 4)chondr/o J) Skull 5) Cervic

F) Roof & Wall of nasal cavity=ethmoid G) Cartilage =chondr/o H) Roof of Mouth =palat I) Neck =cervic J) Skull =crani/o

K) Lamina of Vertebra. L) Upper Jawbone M) Back of Skull N) Chest O) Tailbone P) breast bone

k=2 l=15 m=7 n=5 0=12 p=16

Ch. 3 Musculoskeletal System & Connective Tissue Flashcards

(112 cards)