Ch 3 Test

Question 1

Chemical Property vs. Physical Property

Answer 1

Chemical- ability or inability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances
Physical- can be observed or measured without changing the samples composition

Question 2

Substance vs. Mixture

Answer 2

Substance- matter with a uniform and unchanging composition

Mixture- two or more substances that combine but still retain their individual chemical properties

Question 3

Gas vs. Vapor

Answer 3

Gas- flows to conform shape of container and expands to fill entire volume of the container
Vapor- a gas that is generally a liquid or solid at room temperature ex: steam at room temperature is liquid

Question 4

Homogenous vs. Heterogeneous mixtures

Answer 4

Homogenous mixture- constant composition throughout

Heterogeneous mixture- does not blend throughout- individual substances remain distinct

Question 5

Extensive vs. Intensive

Answer 5

Extensive- dependent on the amount of substance present. Cannot be used to help identify a substance ex: mass, length, volume
Intensive- independent of the amount of substance present. Can be used to identify a substance ex: malleability, change of state

Question 6

Law of Definite Proportions equation:

Answer 6

mass percentage of an element (%) =(mass of element/ mass of compound) x 100%

Question 7

Solids-

Has its own ______ ______and _______ and are nearly incompressible

Answer 7

definite shape, volume

Question 8

Liquids-

Particles can ______ _____ one another

Answer 8

move past

Question 9

Gas-

Flows to conform the shape of the container and _____ to fill the entire _____ of the container

Answer 9

expands, volume

Question 10

Vapor-

A gas that is generally a _____ or ______ at room temperature

Answer 10

liquid, gas

Question 11

Physical properties-

A characteristic of matter that can be observed without ____________________________________

Answer 11

changing the samples composition

Question 12

Chemical properties-

The ability or inability of a substance to _____ with or change into one or more _______

Answer 12

Combine, substance

Question 13

Physical change-

A change in the ______ of a substance that leaves the composition of the substance _____

Answer 13

appearance, unchanged

Question 14

If my car rusts, what are the reactants and products?

Answer 14

Reactants- iron & oxygen

Products- rust

Question 15

What law states…

that mass can neither be created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction- it is conserved

Answer 15

Law of Conservation of Mass

Question 16

Mixtures are ___ or more substances that _____ but still retain their individual _________ properties

Answer 16

2, combine, chemical

Question 17

What two kinds of heterogeneous mixtures are there?

Answer 17

Colloids, Suspensions

Question 18

Colloids-
Particles ___ settle out
Exhibits the _____ effect, the scattering of light in all directions
Ex- driving in the fog

Answer 18

never, Tyndall

Question 19

Suspensions-
Particles ____ settle out upon standing
Methods of separation: f____, c____, d____
ex: whip cream, milk, blood

Answer 19

do, filtration, crystallization, distillation

Question 20

Filtration- Uses a porous barrier to separate a ____ from a ____ - filter paper

Answer 20

solid, liquid

Question 21

Distillation- physical separation technique based on the differences in the ____ _____ of the substances involved

Answer 21

boiling points

Question 22

Crystallization - results the ____ of pure solid ____ of a substance from a solution containing the dissolved substances

Answer 22

formation, particles

Question 23

Sublimation- solid changes to vapor without ______

Answer 23

melting

Question 24

Chromatography- pass a mixture through a ____ where the components ____ at different rates

Answer 24

medium, move