Ch 3 the first people of California

Question 1

Ice Age

Answer 1

30,000 BC Ice Age begins when the Earth’s climate became very cold.

Question 2

glaciers

Answer 2

huge sheets of thick ice

Question 3

bridge of land that joined northern Asia & North America

Answer 3

Beringia

Question 4

When did the first people arrive in North America?

Answer 4

15,000 BC

Question 5

When did Ice Age end?

Answer 5

10,000 BC

Question 6

artifacts

Answer 6

are the tools, weapons and other objects left behind by people of long ago

Question 7

archaeologist

Answer 7

scientists who find and study these objects

Question 8

Native Americans have been living in North America for at least how many years?

Answer 8

12,000 years

Question 9

diversity

Answer 9

range of differences

Question 10

How many different cultures did the Calif Native American people create?

Answer 10

at least 100

Question 11

Why are the different groups in Calif so diverse?

Answer 11

Wherever they settled, people used the natural resources around them to make their clothes, tools, and homes.

Question 12

How many culture areas are there in Calif?

Answer 12

6

Question 13

Name the 6 culture areas

Answer 13

Northwestern
Northeastern
Central
Great Basin
Southern
Colorado River

Question 14

heritage

Answer 14

is the history and traditions that a group of people share

Question 15

powwow

Answer 15

a new kind of gathering which brought together groups from all over the United States

Question 16

religion

Answer 16

set of beliefs

Question 17

shaman

Answer 17

a religious leader and a healer

Question 18

What tasks did most Native American men and women do?

Answer 18

Men usually hunted deer and caught salmon. Women usually did the work of gathering and storing plants, preparing meals, weaving baskets, and caring for the children.

Question 19

What did 3 or 4 neighboring villages usually share?

Answer 19

They shared on leader or chief.

Question 20

What role did the village chiefs plan in guiding their people?

Answer 20

He/she would ask the spirits for things the community needed.

Question 21

Who lived in the Southern culture?

Answer 21

Chumash people lived near the beach, along the coast or on an island. They were expert boat builders and used a type of canoe called a tomol for ocean fishing.

Question 22

What was life in a Chumash village?

Answer 22

1. Large village - up to 1000 people living in about 100 homes.
2. Fairly easy lives in finding food resources and natural materials for boat building.
3. They were creative

Question 23

How did the Chumash show their creative skills?

Answer 23

1. Chumash carvers cut sharp knives, smooth bowls, and animal figures from stone.
2. Chumash painters painted pictures of people, animals, birds, fish and insects on rock walls of caves and cliffs.
3. Chumash weavers wove beautiful baskets to carry babies, store supplies and cook food.

Question 24

How did the Chumash cook food in the baskets they made?

Answer 24

They were soak the basket in water to make the fibers swell first. Then they would fill the basket with soup or cereal and place several stones in a fire. Once the stones were hot they would be placed in the basket stirring them with the food to cause it to boil.

Question 25

Use the chart to summarize information about California's first people.

Answer 25

1. Through studying 2. Calif 3. There are 6 artifacts, early main regions archeologists people called culture believe that learned areas in Native Americans to live with Calif. have been living resources in North America of different for at least 12,000 climates years. creativing diversity.

Question 26

Who lived in the Central culture area?

Answer 26

The Yokuts.

Question 27

Which was the largest of the culture areas in Calif?

Answer 27

The Central culture

Question 28

Where was the Yokut's territory?

Answer 28

San Joaquin Valley and the foothills of the Sierra Nevada

Question 29

What was the most important natural resource in the Central culture?

Answer 29

The towering oak trees that produced acorns every fall.

Question 30

Why were the acorns important?

Answer 30

Acorns could be ground into flour to make breads, biscuits, puddings, soups, and a kind of hot cereal called weewish.

Question 31

granary

Answer 31

storage house

Question 32

What were the homes that the Yokuts lived in?

Answer 32

Pit houses that were built partly underground to keep cool in hot weather and warm in cod weather.

Question 33

How did the Yokuts make sure there continue to be a good supply of animal and plant food?

Answer 33

They burned parts of their land each year to keep the soil fertile. The fires also cleared brush leaving more land for animals. This was called land management.

Question 34

wild game

Answer 34

animals such as deer and antelope

Question 35

Use Venn diagram to compare and contrast three features of everyday life in a Chumash and a Yokuts village

Answer 35

1. Chumash 2. Chumash & Yokuts 3. Yokuts hunted sea Men responsible hunted animals for for getting food, wild game food using women responsible gathered canoes. for making food. acorn and practiced land management

Question 36

What natural resources were important to the Chumash and the Yokuts?

Answer 36

1. Fish and sea animals were important to the Chumash for food. 2. Wild game and acorns were important to the Yokuts.

Question 37

What image did Chumash leave in a lot of their artifacts and why?

Answer 37

Images of birds may have been used to bring good luck for fishing.

Question 38

What did the Condor bird represent in the Chumash culture?

Answer 38

It represented the finder of lost objects for the Chumash.

Question 39

Many of carvings found in early Chumash sites survived. Why?

Answer 39

Because they were made from stone.

Question 40

What made a Chumash house?

Answer 40

1. Floor was dug out about 18 inches deep. 2. Bent wooden poles formed the frame and a hole in the roof let the smoke out. Long weeds covered the outside frame. 3. Doorways were covered with a mat of weeds. 4. a fire at the center warmed the hut

Question 41

economy

Answer 41

the way its people use the natural resources

Question 42

needs

Answer 42

food, shelter and clothing people must have to live

Question 43

trade

Answer 43

exchange

Question 44

specialists

Answer 44

people who focus their time on an activity they do well

Question 45

How did Native American groups get goods they needed or wanted?

Answer 45

They exchanged one kind of good for another, sometimes traded goods for strings of shells which were used as money.

Question 46

wants

Answer 46

things they want but do not have

Question 47

Who lived in the Great Basin culture?

Answer 47

The Northern Paiute.

Question 48

Why were the Paiutes on the move?

Answer 48

They lived in challenging land where there were no oak trees to supply acorns. Food sources were not found in one place all the time. The availability depended on the time of year so people had to stay on the move. 1. Summer - they found fish and water birds near shallow lakes. 2. Fall and winter - they would climb the foothills of the Sierra Nevada to hunt mountain sheep and catch hares.

Question 49

Since the Paiutes were on the move, what items did they use to help them survive?

Answer 49

Items such as a basket and water bottle to carry necessities.

Question 50

What did the Paiutes harvest in the fall?

Answer 50

Pine cones from tall pine trees. They would set them on fire to release the nuts. Pine nuts was their diet during the winter.

Question 51

Where did the Mohave people live?

Answer 51

They lived along the southeastern corner along the banks of the Colorado River. Today it is the desert area of California, Nevada and Arizona.

Question 52

How did the Mohave people use their resources to survive the desert?

Answer 52

They practiced farming along the Colorado River by planting seeds after heaving rains in the Spring.

Question 53

What kinds of vegetables did they grow?

Answer 53

pumpkins, squash and corn

Question 54

What kind of bowls did they make?

Answer 54

They did not weave baskets because there weren't enough reeds and grasses so they used clay found in their area to make bowls and cooking pots.

Question 55

Why did the Mohave travel far from home to trade and make war?

Answer 55

The Mohave were specially trained to travel far and attack enemies. They often ran long distances as running was a practice in their culture. They also traded they clay pots and extra crops for wooden bowls, baskets and shell beads.

Question 56

Compare and contrast lives of Northern Paiute and the Mohave.

Answer 56

Compare Contrast 1. both were on the move 1. for the Mohave and often traveled war was part of their life 2. children helped with 2. the Mohave farmed the natural resources the land 3. both caught fish and small game