Ch. 30-31 Study Guide

Question 0

Stagflation

Answer 0

A period of high inflation an high unemployment

Question 1

Richard M. Nixon

Answer 1

Won 1968 election
Called voters the silent majority
Promised to restore law an order
Republican 
VP: Spiro T. Agnew and Gerald Ford 
Resigned after impeachment for Watergate Scandal
Claimed executive privilege for tapes

Question 2

OPEC

Answer 2

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (middle east)

Hoped to control oil production and sales to keep oil prices high

Question 3

Energy Crisis

Answer 3

Caused by an oil embargo
Marked by high fuel prices and fuel shortages
Increased stagflation
Caused US to look for new oil source

Question 4

Henry Kissinger

Answer 4

Nixon’s national security advisor during his first term and his Secretary of State during Nixon’s second term
Helped shape US foreign policy and created realpolitik

Question 5

Realpolitik

Answer 5

German word that means “practical policies”
Favored protecting US interest over defending political or moral ideals oversees
Kissinger’s belief that the US should be willing to cooperate with non democratic countries in certain cases

Question 6

Leonid Brezhnev

Answer 6

1972 Soviet leader who talked with Nixon concerning nuclear arms race

Question 7

SALT

Answer 7

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

Limited numbers and types of long-range nuclear missiles each country could have

Question 8

Détente

Answer 8

An easing of tensions between US and Soviets due to the SALT treaty

Question 9

Watergate

Answer 9

Five men with relations to Nixon put recording devices (bugs) and camera equipment into the Democratic National Committee headquarters in the Watergate building on June 17, 1972

Question 10

Executive privilege

Answer 10

The president’s right to keep information secret to protect national security
Nixon claims it with tapes

Question 11

Saturday night massacre

Answer 11

Resignations and firings because of Nixon

Question 12

Spiro Agnew

Answer 12

Nixon’s first Vice President who resigned because he failed to pay his taxes and he took bribes

Question 13

Gerald Ford

Answer 13

Nixon’s second Vice President who became president once Nixon resigned

Question 14

Impeachment

Answer 14

Formally accuse
House of Representatives announces articles of impeachment
Senate holds a trial
If guilty, removed from office

Question 15

Trade deficit

Answer 15

A trade imbalance that happens when a country imports more goods than it exports

Question 16

Jimmy Carter

Answer 16

A little know former governor from Georgia who became president in the 1976 election
I will never lie to you

Question 17

Camp David Accords

Answer 17

Peace agreements between Egypt and Israel
Marked the first time that an Arab country had formed peaceful ties with Israel
Carter’s greatest accomplishment

Question 18

Apartheid

Answer 18

The system of laws requiring racial segregation in South Africa

Question 19

Iran hostage crisis

Answer 19

Iran college students held Americans from the US Embassy hostage for over a year
Cause: US housed Shah for medical treatment

Question 20

Ronald Reagan

Answer 20

Beat Carter in the 1980 election

Question 21

EPA/Earth Day/Endangered Species Act

Answer 21

Environmental Protection Agency: created to enforce environmental laws
Earth Day: activists raise environmental awareness on April 22, 1970
Endangered Species Act: 1966 federal law forbids hunting endangered species or destroying their environments

Question 22

Sunbelt

Answer 22

States in the south and southwest that attracted many new people and businesses in the 1950s because of low tax rates, warm climate, and jobs

Question 23

1970s immigration

Answer 23

Thousands of immigrants settled in the Sunbelt to take new jobs in growing high-tech industries, warm climate, and low tax rates
Changes from Europeans to South American, Mexican, and Asian

Question 24

Computer advances

Answer 24

``` Microchip 1958 Computers did more and cost less; smaller and cheaper Still too expensive for houses Scientists used them as did the military Steven Job and Stephen Wozniak ```

Question 25

1970's pop culture

Answer 25

George Lucas's 1977 classic Star Wars Big budget, special effect movies Donna Summer in music

Question 26

Reaganomics

Answer 26

Based on supply-side economics | The government could balance the budget by first cutting taxes

Question 27

Deficit

Answer 27

The amount by which a government's spending exceeds its tax revenues

Question 28

Mikhail Gorbachev

Answer 28

1985 Soviet leader who began perestroika and glasnost

Question 29

INF

Answer 29

Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty Called for elimination of all medium-range nuclear weapons from Europe Cold War and US tensions were easing

Question 30

George Bush

Answer 30

Republican 41st president in 1988 Persian gulf war Americans with disabilities act Supported War on Drugs

Question 31

Sassan Hussein

Answer 31

Leader of Iraq 1990 who invaded Kuwait

Question 32

Persian Gulf War

Answer 32

The US led 30 countries in a successful military effort to drive Iraq from Kuwait

Question 33

ADA

Answer 33

Americans with disabilities act Guaranteed people with disabilities equal access to places, transportation, and employment opportunities Under bush

Question 34

Bill Clinton

Answer 34

``` 1991 Republican 42nd president NAFTA Great prosperity in second term Adultery impeached but innocent Surplus ```

Question 35

NAFTA

Answer 35

North Anerican Free Trade Agreement January 1, 1994 Helped establish free trade between US, Canada, an Mexico

Question 36

Surplus

Answer 36

An excess of income or assets over expenditure or liabilities in a given time

Question 37

George W. Bush

Answer 37

``` 43rd president George Bush's son Republican Sent an education reform package and a plan for tax cuts to congress No child left behind act 9/11 ```

Question 38

No child left behind act

Answer 38

2002 George w. bush Required states to establish education standards Sought to promote more schooling opportunities for families

Question 39

Recession

Answer 39

A period in which overall economic output declines

Question 40

Terrorism

Answer 40

The use of violent attacks by individuals or small groups with political goals

Question 41

Culture in the 1900s-200s

Answer 41

``` Thinning ozone layer Global warming International space station Mars pathfinder European Union World Trade Organization Information Revolution Internet ```

Question 42

9/11

Answer 42

September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks that destroys NYC's World Trade Center towers, damaged the Pentagon, claimed almost 3000 lives Harmed airline industry, contributing to US economic problems