Ch 34 Vocab

Question 0

Axon hillock

Answer 0

Part of the neuron body that connects to he axon

Question 1

Afferent

Answer 1

Sensory

Question 2

Cell body/soma

Answer 2

Cell body of a neuron

Question 3

Dendrites

Answer 3

Part of the neuron that receives impulses

Question 4

Efferent neuron

Answer 4

Nerve impulses going away from the spinal cord

Question 5

Axon terminal

Answer 5

Where axons make contact with other nerve cells

Question 6

Glial cell

Answer 6

Surrounds neurons and provide support and insulation between them

Question 7

Interneuron

Answer 7

Neuron that forms a connection between other neurons

Question 8

Motor neuron

Answer 8

Nerve cell located in the spinal cord whose axon projects outside the spinal cord to control muscles

Question 9

Myelin

Answer 9

Forms a layer around the axon

Question 10

Nerve

Answer 10

Conveys impulses of sensation, motion, etc

Question 11

Neuron

Answer 11

Building block of the nervous system

Question 12

Postsynaptic cell

Answer 12

Recieves information from a neuron at the synapse

Question 13

Presynaptic neuron

Answer 13

Transmits information to another cells at synapse

Question 14

Schwann cells

Answer 14

Produce myelin sheath

Question 15

Sensory neuron

Answer 15

Nerve cells that transmit sensory info

Question 16

Synapse

Answer 16

Passing of signal from one nerve cell to another

Question 17

Action potential

Answer 17

An impulse in a neuron taking the form of a wave of depolarization or hyperpolarization

Question 18

All-or-nothing

Answer 18

Strength of a nerve is either all or nothing

Question 19

Chemically gated

Answer 19

A channel that opens or closes depending on the presence or absence of a specific moelcule

Question 20

Depolarized

Answer 20

Sudden electrical change

Question 21

Electrochemical gradient

Answer 21

The concentration gradient of an ion across a membrane plus the voltage difference

Question 22

Gated ion channels

Answer 22

Gating the flow of ions across the cell membrane

Question 23

Mechanically gated

Answer 23

Channel that opens of closes due to mechanical force

Question 24

Membrane potential

Answer 24

The difference in electrical charge between inside and outside of a cell

Question 25

Nodes of Ranvier

Answer 25

Gap in the myelin sheath; the point where the axonal membrane can fire action potentials

Question 26

Resting potential

Answer 26

Membrane potential of a cell at rest

Question 27

Saltatory conduction

Answer 27

Action potentials jump between nodes of Ranvier

Question 28

Threshold

Answer 28

The level of depolarization that causes an electrically excitable membrane to fire an action potential

Question 29

Voltage gated

Answer 29

Channel that opens or closes with voltage changes

Question 30

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Answer 30

Neurotransmitter

Question 31

Excitatory

Answer 31

Input from a neuron that causes depolarization of the recipient cell

Question 32

Inhibitory

Answer 32

Input from a neuron that causes hyperpolarization

Question 33

Motor end plate

Answer 33

The depression in the postsynaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction

Question 34

Neuromuscular junction

Answer 34

Connects the nervous system to the muscular system via synapses

Question 35

Summation

Answer 35

Determines whether or not an action potential will be triggered

Question 36

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 36

Involuntary nervous system

Question 37

Brainstem

Answer 37

Between the brain and spinal cord

Question 38

Central nervous sytem

Answer 38

The portion of the nervous system that is the site of most information processing, storage, and retrieval

Question 39

Cerebral cortex

Answer 39

Layer of neural tissue that overlies the cerbrum

Question 40

Cerebrum

Answer 40

Largest part of the brain; the chief coordination center of the nervous system

Question 41

Diencephalon

Answer 41

The portion of the forebrain that develops into the thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 42

Frontal lobe

Answer 42

Largest brain lobe; involved with feeling and planning

Question 43

Hypothalamus

Answer 43

Coordinates water balance, reproduction, temperature, and metabolism

Question 44

Limbic system

Answer 44

Involved in emotions, drives, instinctive behaviors, learning, and memory

Question 45

Occipital lobe

Answer 45

Processes visual info

Question 46

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 46

Regulates body's unconscious actions

Question 47

Parietal lobe

Answer 47

Processes complex stimuli

Question 48

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 48

Transmits info to and from the central nervous system

Question 49

Spinal reflex

Answer 49

Conversion of afferent to efferent information

Question 50

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 50

Division of autonomic nervous system, fight-or-flight response, homeostasis

Question 51

Temporal lobe

Answer 51

Processes auditory and visual information; involved in recognizing, identifying, and naming objects

Question 52

Thalamus

Answer 52

Involved in integration of sensory input