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Biology > Ch. 39 - Animal Structure and Function > Flashcards

Ch. 39 - Animal Structure and Function Flashcards

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1
Q

Tissue

A

consists of specialized cells

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2
Q

cells

A

closely associated, similr structure and function
* characteristic sizes, shapees, and arrangemnt to each tissue

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3
Q

cells function:

A

specialized to perform specidic function or group of functions.

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4
Q

organs

A

closely associated tissue that carry out specfic functions

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5
Q

systems

A

closely associated organs that carry out specfic functions

humans= 11 organ system

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6
Q

Epitheal Tissue

A

**cell- **tightly packefd, continous sheet
surface- exposed to environemnt and attached to basement membrane
barrier- everything must cross it, reguyaltes exchange between body and environemnt
**Function- ** protection, absorption, secretion, and sensation

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7
Q

Epitheal Tissue cellular contacts

A

tight junction, desomosome, gap junction

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8
Q

Epitheal polarity

A
  • Asymmeterical distribution of organelles
  • electrical charge distribution
  • difference in membrane(apical)
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9
Q

Epitheal Glands

A

exocrine and endocrine

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10
Q

Exocrine

A

ducts and releases secretion onto surface or into body cavity

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11
Q

Endocrine

A

ductless and releases hormones directly into blood or intestital fluid

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12
Q

Epitheal Membrane

A

Mucos and serous

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13
Q

Mucous

A

lines any cavity open to outside

goblet cells secrete the muscus on the surface

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14
Q

Serous

A

lines any interal cavity, and secretes fluid into body cavity it lines

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15
Q

Simple Cubiodal Epithelium

A

Single layer of short, eight-sided cuboid cell

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16
Q

Fucntion and location of simple cubiodal epithelium

A
  • secretion and absorption
  • ducts and tubes
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17
Q

Simples squamous Epithelium

A

single layer of thin, flat cells

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18
Q

Function and location of simple squamous epithelium

A
  • rapid diffusion, process: absorption, filteration, and secretion
  • blood vessels
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19
Q

Stratitfied squamosus epithelium

A

multiple layers of squamous shaped cells

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20
Q

function of stratifed squamous epithelium

A

wear and tear; protection

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21
Q

kertanized

A

dry surface(skin)

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22
Q

Nonkertanized

A

mosit surface such as mouth and esophagus

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23
Q

Simple columnar epithetial

A

tall columns

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24
Q

noncilliated

Study These Flashcards
A

function: absorp and secret

location: stomach

25
ciliated
funciton: presualtion and secretion | location: urine tube
26
Pseudostratifed Epithelium
flasely layered
27
cilitated Pseudostratified Epithelium
function: proplustion location: trachea, bronchi
28
Unciliated Pseudostraifited Epithelium
Function: absorption and secretion Location: makes epidosyermis and urthrea
29
transitional Epithetal
cell shae, codial or columnar shape at loose and squamous like top w/ stretching
30
transitional epithetal fucntion and locaiton
function: distensio and stretch location: bladder, uretrus and upper urethron
31
Connective Tissue fibers
collagen and elastic
32
Collagen fibers
compostion: thick, tough, and fibrous proteins function: provides stength and resists stress, remaining intact with tissue when strectched.
33
Elastic Fibers
compostion: elastin, branches fucntion: allows structure to return to orginal size and shape when stretch
34
Loose connective proper
Adipose CT, Arcolar Tissue
35
Adipose CT
* funciton: cushions, support, energy store * fiber: reticualr * extracellualr matrix: limited due to fat vocoule * unique structure: large vacoule contians fat * location: subcutaneous larger and assocaited w/ amny
36
Arcolar tissue
fucntion: cushions, supports, independent movement * fibers- elastic+ collagen, unorganized, run all direction * matrix- significant amount semifluid matrix reservor for fluid and salt * location- subctanous layer attaching skin around organs, neres and blood vessels.
37
cartilage
function: structural support, supporting skeleton in embroyic stages of vertebrate * cell- chondrocytes * tissue structure- chondrocyles in small cavities in harder matrix
38
3 types of connective tissue
hyaline, elastic, and fibro
39
Hyaline cartilage
* fibers- manily collagen * fucntion- sipports and stiffness * location- ends of long bones
40
Elastic Cartilage
* fibers- are more eastic collagen * fucntion- support and flexibilty * location- pinna, egilotis and part of laryrix
41
Fibro cartilage
* fibers- thicker collagen fibers * fucntion: strenght, resists compression, and **absorbs shock** * location: ointervertabral dics, pubic symphysis.
42
Regualting the internal environment
* homostasis * stressor * receptor * integrator * effector * feedback systems
43
Homostasis
gives varaition
44
stressor
initaties a response
45
receptor
dectects the change
46
integrator
compores new and steady state information
47
effector
responds to signals from integrator
48
feedback systems
many homestasis mechanism invloved.
49
Conformers
alter internal environemnt to conform with environment | ex: marine invertabates
50
regulations
requires ATP; mainting relatively constant internal conditiond despite chnages in external environemnt.
51
negative feedback
stimulus causes change | resposnes: sensor- senses change communications w/
52
postive feedback
ex: childbirth, prygation of ATP
53
incessitics-
stimulus sets off a response that intensities first reverses} changing conditions
54
Way to regualte body temp
thermoregulation, ectotherms, endotherms
55
thermoregulations
mainting bdy temp w/ in certain limits
56
ectotherms
rely on external heat to warm body and stimulus metablosim use behavior to alter body heat
57
endoterms
maintianing internal body heat
58
Acclimatization
animals ajust to chnage
59
torpor
short-term in which metabnloic rate decreases | ex: hiberation during cold by bears ## Footnote saves energy used to maintian a high body temperature.

Biology (4 decks)

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