Ch 4-5 Test Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is a heresy?
a species of unbelief belonging to those who profess the christian faith but corrupt it is dogmas
What is an ecumenical council?
When all the bishops of the world united under the pope come together to discuss central issues of the church
What was the first ecumenical council? In what year? What heresy did it condemn?
The first council was Nicaea in 325 A.D and dealt with the heresy of Arianism
Know the councils of Nicea, Chalcedon, Ephesus and what problem they were addressing and what was decided at each council.
The Nicene Creed affirmed Jesus and the Father as one, refuting Arianism’s claim of Christ as a created being. Emperor Constantine convened the Council of Nicaea to address this theological dispute.
During the Chalcedon Council, Christ was defined as the “one and the same Son” in two natures divine and human united without confusion, change, division, or separation to counter the Monophysite heresy.
The council condemned Nestorianism, affirming Christ as one divine person, both human and divine, and declaring Mary as Theotokos.
What tool did the early Christian thinkers use to help explain Christian teachings?
Greek philosophy
One of Gnosticism’s beliefs is that salvation can be obtained through __
secret knowledge
What does Gnosticism deny about Christ? What kind of nature did Christ have?
christ humanity
According to Marcion, who was the only legitimate Christian authority? What Scriptural books does Marcion include in his canon?
St.paul, ten of st.paul Epistles and the modern gospel of Luke
Which orthodox writers fought Marcion and helped to form the New Testament Canon?
St.Athanasius, polycarp and justin martyr
What does Docetism deny about Jesus? What implications does this have towards his crucifixion?
- That jesus had a real physical body and that his crucifixion was real
Who is the founder of Arianism? Where was he from?
Arias of alexandria, Egypt
What does Arianism deny about Jesus? What is Jesus’ relation to the rest of God’s creation according to Arianism?
They believed that he was not divine and that he was a finite being
Arianism spread throughout what portion of the Roman Empire? To what extent did it spread?
It mostly spread through the eastern portions
What Church Father fought the Arian heresy in Alexandria?
St athanasius
What did Nestorianism deny about Mary?
That she was the mother of Jesus and not God
What was the Donatist objection to the Church’s administration of the Sacraments? How did St. Augustine responded to the Donatists?
Believed that the church documents were invalid if administered by a priest that could be considered morally corrupt and st. augustine said he repudiated it
Summarize the heresy of Pelagianism.
Believed that humans are not born with original sin
What Church Father from Milan was a great preacher, fought the Arian heresy, and most known for his bravery against the emperor Theodosius?
Ambrose of milan
What Church Father was influenced by Ambrose and is known for his many theological writings and defense of Church doctrine against numerous heresies?
Augustine of hippo
Who translated the Bible into Latin? What is this translation called?
St jerome and the translation was called vulgate
What date do historians give for the fall of the Roman Empire?
476 A.D
In what ways did culture decline after the fall of Rome?
decline in literacy rates, a loss of sophisticated engineering and architectural techniques, a breakdown in centralized learning, a move toward more regional and tribal cultural norms, and a disruption of trade networks
What barbarian tribe (and their leader) marched to the gates of Rome in 452 AD? Who convinced them not to attack Rome and to turn away?
The huns and Attila , pope leo
What four characteristics define monasticism?
Prayer,self-denial, seclusion, and professed
