Ch. 4-6

Question 1

Cell Theory

Answer 1

All organisms composed of cells and cells come only from preexisting cells

Question 2

Prokaryotic

Answer 2

No Nucleus

Question 3

Eukaryotic

Answer 3

Nucleus

Question 4

What kinda cell is Bacteria?

Answer 4

Prokaryotic

Question 5

What do prokaryotic cells lack?

Answer 5

Membrane bound nucleus

Question 6

Name 3 shapes of bacteria?

Answer 6

Bacillus

Coccus

Spirilla

Question 7

Bacillus Shape?

Answer 7

Rod Shaped

Question 8

Coccus Shape?

Answer 8

Spherical

Question 9

Spirilla Shape?

Answer 9

Spiral

Question 10

Where do archae live?

Answer 10

Extreme habitats

Question 11

What do Eukaryotic cells contain?

Answer 11

Membrane bound Nucleus

Specialized Organelles

Plasma membrane

Question 12

Small cells are likely to have what?

Answer 12

Adequate surface area for exchanging wastes for nutrients

Question 13

What allows for eukaryotic cells to be larger than prokaryotic cells?

Answer 13

Compartmentalization

Question 14

Organelles

Answer 14

Specialized to perform functions for cell

Question 15

Semi fluid nucleoplasm contains what?

Answer 15

Chromatin

Question 16

What serves in protein synthesis?

Answer 16

Ribosomes

Question 17

Where are subunits of ribosomes made?

Answer 17

Nucleolus

Question 18

Golgi apparatus consists of what?

Answer 18

Flattened, curved saccules

Question 19

Lysosomes?

Answer 19

Membrane bounded vesicles produced by Golgi Apparatus

Question 20

What are Peroxisomes?

Answer 20

Membrane-bounded vesicles that enclose enzymes

Question 21

What are vacuoles?

Answer 21

Membranous sacs

Question 22

Chloroplasts use what to synthesize carbohydrates?

Answer 22

Solar energy

Question 23

Green pigment in chlorophyll?

Answer 23

Stroma

Granum

Question 24

Mitochondria involved in what?

Answer 24

Cellular respiration

Question 25

Inner membrane that encloses matrix?

Answer 25

Cristae

Question 26

Enzymes that break down nutrient molecules?

Answer 26

Matrix

Question 27

Give rigidity to cell?

Answer 27

Actin Filaments

Question 28

Rope-Like, support nuclear envelope?

Answer 28

Intermediate Filaments

Question 29

Support skin cells?

Answer 29

Microtubules

Question 30

Hydrophilic polar heads face:

Answer 30

Outside

Question 31

Hydrophobic no polar tails face:

Answer 31

Each other

Question 32

Proteins may be what 2 things?

Answer 32

Peripheral or Integral

Question 33

Channel proteins?

Answer 33

Involved of passage of molecules through membrane

Question 34

Carrier proteins?

Answer 34

Combined with substance to aid in passage through membrane

Question 35

Cell recognition

Answer 35

Help body recognize foreign substances

Question 36

Allow molecule binding, causing protein to change shape?

Answer 36

Receptor proteins

Question 37

Carry out metabolic reactions directly?

Answer 37

Enzymatic Proteins

Question 38

No ATP Required?

Answer 38

Passive Transport

Question 39

Requires carrier Protein and ATP?

Answer 39

Active Transport

Question 40

Diffusion

Answer 40

Movement molecules from High ➡️ Low

Question 41

Solution contains what?

Answer 41

Solute & Solvent

Question 42

Osmosis

Answer 42

Diffusion of Water across permeable membrane

Question 43

Cell Swells

Answer 43

Hypotonic Solution

Question 44

Facilitated Transport

Answer 44

Small molecules follow concentration gradient by combining with carrier proteins

Question 45

Exocytosis

Answer 45

Vesicles fuse w/ plasma membrane as secretion occurs

Question 46

Endocytosis

Answer 46

Cells take in substances by vesicle formation

Question 47

Phagocytosis

Answer 47

Large, Solid material

Question 48

Pinocytosis

Answer 48

Liquid or small solid particles

Question 49

Adhesion junctions

Answer 49

Intercellular filaments b/t cells

Question 50

Tight Junctions

Answer 50

Impermeable barriers

Question 51

Kinetic Energy

Answer 51

Energy in motion

Question 52

Potential energy

Answer 52

Stored energy

Question 53

Exergonic Reactions

Answer 53

Reactants have more free energy that products

Question 54

Endergonic Reaction

Answer 54

Products have more free energy than reactants

Question 55

Coupled Reactions

Answer 55

Energy released by exergonic reaction drives endergonic reactions

Question 56

Speed up chemical reactions?

Answer 56

Enzymes

Question 57

Enzyme cofactors

Answer 57

Vitamins Phosphorylation

Question 58

Kinase

Answer 58

To cut

Question 59

Oxidation

Answer 59

Loss of electrons

Question 60

Reduction

Answer 60

Gain electrons

Question 61

Where does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 61

Chloroplasts