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PT 504 Anatomy Lecture > CH 4 - Back > Flashcards

CH 4 - Back Flashcards

1
Q

Number of Vertebrae

A 
7 Cervical
12 Thoracic
5 Lumbar
5 fused Sacral
3 fused Coccyx
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2
Q

Primary Curvature

A

Thoracic & Sacral (Kyphosis)

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3
Q

Secondary Curvature

A

Cervical & Lumbar (Lordosis)

Cervical formed when picking up head; Lumbar when you start walking

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4
Q

Typical Cervical Vertebrae

A 
Small Vertebral Body
Bifid Spinous Process
Transverse Foramen
Uncinate Process
Horizontal orientation facets
Relatively thick IV disks
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5
Q

Uncinate Process

A

Feature of cervical vertebrae that is a bump on the dorsal portion of the body

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6
Q

Atlas

A 
C1
Ring shaped
No vertebral body/spinous process
Superior facet concave
"Yes" Movement
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7
Q

Axis

A

Dens (Odontoid Process)

“No” Movement (atlanto-occipital joints)

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8
Q

Vertebral Prominens

A

C7

No bifid spinous process

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9
Q

Thoracic Vertebrae

A

Heart-shaped body
Spinous process slopes inferiorly
Costal facets
Vertical articular facets

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10
Q

Costal Facets

A

superior, inferior, transverse

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11
Q

Thoracic Vertical Articular Facets

A 
Thoracic vertebrae
Coronal plane
Superior face posterior
Inferior face anterior
Permit rotation
Limits flexion/extension/lateral bending
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12
Q

Lumbar Vertebrae

A

Large vertebral bodies
Stout processes
Vertical articular facets
Moose looking

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13
Q

Lumbar Vertical articular facets

A 
Sagittal plane
Superior facets face superiormedially
Inferior facets face inferolaterally
Permit flexion/extension/lateral flexion
Limits rotation
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14
Q

Sacrum

A 
Median Crest (Spinous processes)
Intermediate Crest (Articular processes)
Lateral crest (Transverse processes)
Foramina
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15
Q

Sacral Foramina

A

Ventral primary rami

Dorsal primary rami

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16
Q

Intervertebral Joints

A

Symphyses of vertebral bodies

Secondary cartilagenous joints

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17
Q

Zygapophysial Joints

A

Synovial facet joints

18
Q

Uncovertebral joints

A

C3-C6

Uncinate processes articulate with inferior posterior surface of superior vertebral body

19
Q

Radicular Pattern

A

Distribution of one spinal nerve

20
Q

Annulus Fibrosus

A

Outer layer of Intervertebral discs

Narrow posterior

21
Q

Nucleus Pulposus

A

Inner layer of intervertebral discs
High water content
Eccentric location

22
Q

Ligaments of Intervertebral Joints

A

Stabilize intervertebral discs and vertebral bodies

Limit excessive flexion and extension

23
Q

Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

A

Sacrum to C2
Wides
Anterior face of vertebral bodies and discs

24
Q

Posterior Longitudinal Ligaments

A

Sacrum to C2
Continues as tectorial membrane
Weak lateral aspect
Posterior face of vertebral bodies and discs

25
Q

Posterior Ligaments

A 
Flavum
Supraspinous (Sacrum to C7)
Nuchal (C7 to Occiput)
Interspinous
Intertransverse
26
Q

Atlanto-Occipital Joint

A

Synovial Condyloid Joint

27
Q

Atlanto-Axial Joint

A

Synovial Joints
2 planar - facets
1 Pivot - around the dens (Odontoid process)

28
Q

Anterior Atlanto-Occipital Membrane

A

Continuous with Anterior Atlanto-axial membrane

Superior border of C1 arch to basilar part of occipital bone

29
Q

Posterior Atlanto-Occipital Membrane

A

Continuous with ligamentum flavum

Wide

30
Q

Cruciate Ligament

A

Transverse ligament
Superior/Inferior longitudinal bands
Posterior surface of dens

31
Q

Alar Ligaments

A

Posterior part of dens to base of foramen magnum

32
Q

Typical Vertebrae Blood Supply

A

Segmental arteries

33
Q

Segmental Arteries

A

Paired, arise from aorta
Different names in different regions
Spinal branches enter Intervertebral foramina to reach canal

34
Q

Medullary Cone

A

L1-L2 vertebrae

35
Q

Cervical Enlargement

A

C4-T1

36
Q

Lumbosacral Enlargement

A

T11-S1

37
Q

Cauda Equina

A

Nerve Roots

L2-C1

38
Q

Spinal Cord Segment

A

Area of the cord defined by attachment of rootlets from only one spinal nerve

39
Q

Spinal Spaces

A

Extradural; Subdural; Subarachnoid

40
Q

Extradural Space

A

Fat

41
Q

Subdural Space

A

Interface

42
Q

Subarachnoid space

A

CSF

PT 504 Anatomy Lecture (2 decks)

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