Ch 4 Cognition, Consciousness, Language

Question 0

Information processing model

Answer 0

states that we are like a computer how we encode information, store info and retrieve info.

Question 1

Piagets stages of cognitive developement

Answer 1

sensorimotor
preoperational
concrete operational
formal operational

Question 2

Sensorimotor stage

Answer 2

meet physical needs

Question 3

preoperational stage

Answer 3

symbolic thinking

egocentric

Question 4

concrete operational stage

Answer 4

focuses on understanding feelings of others. manipulate physical objects

Question 5

formal operational stage

Answer 5

abstract thought

problem solving

Question 6

crystallized intelligence

Answer 6

use of learned skills and knowledge

Question 7

Fluid intelligence

Answer 7

problem solving skills

Question 8

First step of problem solving

Answer 8

frame the problem

Question 9

Deductive reasoning is ____ ____

Answer 9

top down

Question 10

Deductive reasoning answers must be _____

Answer 10

true

Question 11

Inductive reasoning is _____ _____

Answer 11

bottom up

Question 12

inductive reasoning is to create a

Answer 12

theory by generalizations
can be false

ex: we won three football games in a row… this makes us a good football team

Question 13

deductive reasoning starts from

Answer 13

general rules and draws a conclusion
Must be true

ex: seduko,
“if the man has a gun, is aiming it at people and shooting… he IS trying to harm them”

Question 14

base rate fallacy

Answer 14

using prototypical or stereotypical factors while ignoring facts.

Question 15

Disconfirmation principle

Answer 15

evidence shows solution failed and should be discarded

Question 16

confirmation bias

Answer 16

won’t eliminate answer based on personal beliefs

Question 17

recognition-primed decision model

Answer 17

choosing a solution based on experiences of patterns

Question 18

IQ =

Answer 18

mental age / chronological age X 100

Question 19

states of consciousness

Answer 19

alertness
sleep
dream
altered

Question 20

What two parts of the brain help keep us alert?

Answer 20

reticular formation

pre-frontal cortex

Question 21

When hormone is high when we are alert?

Answer 21

cortisol

Question 22

What parts of the brain have a disruption during a coma?

Answer 22

prefrontal cortex

reticular formation

Question 23

Beta waves during sleep mean….

Answer 23

Alert

Question 24

Alpha waves during sleep mean....

Answer 24

relaxing

Question 25

Theta waves during sleep mean....

Answer 25

your in stage 1 sleep. | slow freq

Question 26

Where are the sleep spindles and K complexes found?

Answer 26

Stage two sleep

Question 27

Stages 3 and 4 of sleep are the _____ and have ____ waves

Answer 27

Slow-wave sleep SWS | delta

Question 28

REM sleep is also called ________ sleep because ....

Answer 28

paradoxical | ones appears to be awake but the muscles are paralyzed

Question 30

Mnemonic for brain wave and sleep.

Answer 30

BAT-D | Bat's sleep during the day.

Question 31

Increased GABA will cause your body to

Answer 31

relax

Question 32

Amphetamines caused increased arousal by increasing release of .... and .....

Answer 32

dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin | decrease reuptake

Question 33

Cocaine decreases reuptake of ....

Answer 33

dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin

Question 34

Opiates are

Answer 34

naturally occurring pain killers

Question 35

opioids are ....

Answer 35

semi synthetic pain killers

Question 36

cocktail party phenomenon

Answer 36

selective attention

Question 37

Nativist theory of language LAD Critical period

Answer 37

believe in innate ability to communicate LAD language acquisition device = innate ability Critical period is 2 yr. to puberty

Question 38

Language behaviorist theory

Answer 38

Behaviors of proper speech are reinforced

Question 39

social interactionist language theory

Answer 39

desire to communicate with others.

Question 40

Whorfian hypothesis - AKA and definition

Answer 40

linguistic relativity hypothesis | Our perception of reality is influenced by language

Question 41

Broca's area

Answer 41

L. hemisphere front cortex. Speech production

Question 42

Wernicke's Area

Answer 42

Temporal lobe. Language comprehension

Question 43

Broca's and Wernickes area connected by ....

Answer 43

arcuate fasciculus

Question 44

Aphasia

Answer 44

deficit of language

Question 45

Semantic words

Answer 45

meaning of words

Question 46

syntax language

Answer 46

rules dictating word order

Question 47

syntax language

Answer 47

rules dictating word order

Question 48

pragmatics

Answer 48

changing of language due to context