Ch 4 P I

Question 1

A tiny passageway that allows for the transport of proteins, RNA, and solutes between the nucleus

Answer 1

Nuclear pore

Question 2

A dark staining area within the nucleus

Answer 2

Nucleolus

Question 3

The nucleolus is responsible for

Answer 3

Manufacturing RNA that is necessary for the synthesis of ribosomal subunits

Question 4

Threads of DNA associated with special proteins is called

Answer 4

Chromatin

Question 5

When a cell is preparing for division what happens to the invisible chromatin

Answer 5

It condenses

Question 6

A single wrapped DNA-histone complex is termed

Answer 6

Nucleosome

Question 7

The condensed form of chromatin is

Answer 7

Chromosome

Question 8

Each side of the DNA is composed of alternating

Answer 8

sugar and phosphate groups

Question 9

The 2 sides of DNA are not identical but they are

Answer 9

Complementary

Question 10

The backbones of DNA are bonded together by

Answer 10

Hydrogen bonds

Question 11

In a DNA molecule Adenine is always associated with

Answer 11

T

Thymine

Question 12

In a DNA molecule Thymine is always associated with

Answer 12

A

Adenine

Question 13

In a DNA molecule Guanine is always associated with

Answer 13

C

Cytosine

Question 14

In a DNA molecule Cytosine is always associated with

Answer 14

Guanine

Question 15

The copying of DNA that occurs before cellular division is termed

Answer 15

DNA replication

Question 16

In which stage does the separation of the 2 strands of DNA occur

Answer 16

Initiation

Question 17

A special enzyme that permanently separates the DNA strands

Answer 17

Helicase

Question 18

During which stage is DNA synthesised base by base

Answer 18

Elongation

Question 19

A special enzyme that is responsible for adding new nucleotides to the complement DNA strand

Answer 19

DNA polymerase

Question 20

In which stage of DNA replication do you expect to find DNA polymerase working

Answer 20

Elongation

Question 21

Proteins that help speed up biochemical reactions within a cell

Answer 21

Enzymes

Question 22

A cells full complement of proteins is termed

Answer 22

Proteome

Question 23

A functional segment of DNA that provides genetic information for protein synthesis

Answer 23

A gene

Question 24

The process that transforms information coded on a gene to a final product is termed

Answer 24

Gene expression

Question 25

How many DNA bases code for a certain amino acid

Answer 25

3

Question 26

3 successive bases in the DNA code for

Answer 26

An amino acid

Question 27

Protein synthesis takes place in

Answer 27

The cytoplasm

Question 28

The complementary base to adenine in RNA should be

Answer 28

Thymine

Question 29

The synthesis of a strand of mRNA that is complementary to the gene of interest is termed

Answer 29

Transcription

Question 30

The genes on the section of DNA that will be used as a template are

Answer 30

Non-coding genes

Question 31

Three bases of mRNA are referred to as

Answer 31

Codon

Question 32

A particular sequence on the DNA that triggers the start of transcription

Answer 32

Promoter

Question 33

A special enzyme that unwinds parts of the DNA

Answer 33

RNA polymerase

Question 34

A special enzyme that is responsible for adding new nucleotides to a growing mRNA strands

Answer 34

RNA polymerase

Question 35

A sequence of DNA that indicates the end of transcription

Answer 35

Terminator

Question 36

A sequence of DNA that is responsible for the release of the mRNA strand at the end of transcription

Answer 36

Terminator

Question 37

At the end of transcription the result is

Answer 37

Pre-mRNA

Question 38

Expressed sequences on the mRNA strand are called

Answer 38

Exons

Question 39

Unexpressed sequences on the mRNA strand are called

Answer 39

Introns

Question 40

A process that precisely removes intervening sequences from pre-mRNA

Answer 40

Splicing

Question 41

The process of synthesising a chain of amino acids is called

Answer 41

Translation

Question 42

A type of RNA that binds with specific proteins to form the ribosome

Answer 42

rRNA

Question 43

Ribosomes exist in the cytoplasm as

Answer 43

Small & large subunits

Question 44

A type of RNA that transfers the corresponding amino acid to the ribosome

Answer 44

tRNA

Question 45

The 3 bases present on the tRNA are referred to as

Answer 45

Anticodon

Question 46

Initiation in translation tales place when

Answer 46

A ribosome binds to an mRNA

Question 47

A string of ribosomes translating a single mRNA strand

Answer 47

Polyribosome