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Pharm > Ch. 40, 97-100 > Flashcards

Ch. 40, 97-100 Flashcards

1
Q

What are helminths

-treatment

A

parasitic worms

-anthelminths to treat

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2
Q

Nematoda are

A

round worms

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3
Q

Cestoda are

A

tapeworm

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4
Q

Tematoda are

A

Flukes

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5
Q

Mebendazole

  • treat
  • M/A
  • time to effect
  • A/E
  • pregnant
A

Intestinal roundworms

  • Act by inhibiting glucose uptake by worm causing death over 3 days
  • Abdominal pain, D
  • Avoid pregnant women
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6
Q

Albendazole

  • treat
  • M/A
  • A/E
  • Pregnant
A

Cestodes and nematodes

  • acts by inhibiting uptake of glucose in worm
  • Liver impair- Check LFTs
  • Avoid pregnant women
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7
Q

Pyrantel

  • treat
  • M/A
  • A/E
A

Nematodes

  • Causing flaccid paralysis of parasites and then excretion from body occurs
  • NVD, CNS irritability
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8
Q

Cause of Malaria

A

protozoa of plasmodium

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9
Q

Mararia symptoms

-why

A

chills, fever, sweating

-response by the body to the continued lysis of RBCs with protozoa present

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10
Q

Vivax Malaria

  • Cause length to show
  • length
  • Symptoms
  • Relapse
  • Treatment success
A
  • caused by plasmodium vivax
  • 26 days until symptoms appear
  • mild, fever every 2 days
  • High relapse due to dormant parasites in the liver ceases entirely in about 2 years
  • Drug resistant is uncommon
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11
Q

Falciparum Malaria

  • Length to show
  • Symptoms
  • Relapse
  • Treatment success
A
  • 12 days for symptoms to appear
  • severe, 60% erythrocytes can be destroyed, *anemia and weakness, *Dark urine, *Pulmonary edema, *hypoglycemia, *toxic encephalopathy
  • No relapse
  • Drug resistance is common
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12
Q

What is radical cure

A

a drug that will kill dormant parasites in liver, preventing relapse

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13
Q

Chloroquine

  • Use, Line
  • M/A
  • A/E
  • Use with
  • Take
A

1st line oral for cure

  • mild to moderate acute attacks for P. Vivax and P. Falciparum
  • Acts by causing heme accumulation within parasite
  • Visual disturbance, pruritus, HA, and GI Effects, *ototoxicity, liver disease
  • Photophobic- sunglasses
  • take with meals
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14
Q

Quinine

  • Use
  • M/A
  • A/E
  • Pregnancy
A
  • Treat chloroquine- resistant malaria
  • causing heme accumulation within parasite
  • Cinchonism (Tinnitus, HA, visual disturbances, N/D)
  • Hemolysis in its with G6PD deficiency *Hypotension , * A-fib, *Hypoglycemia
  • Pregnancy C
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15
Q

Amebiasis

  • infects
  • symptoms
A
  • Primary infects intestine

- asymptomatic, – D, wt loss

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16
Q

Crytosporidiosis

  • infects
  • transmitted
  • symtoms
A
  • infects intestinal tract
  • transmitted by contaminated water, fruit, veggies
  • DNV, anorexia, low-grade fever
17
Q

Girdasis

  • infects
  • transmitted
  • symptoms
A
  • intestine with migration to bile ducts and gallbladder
  • contaminated water or object
  • malaise, heartburn, VD, colicky pain after eating, malodorous belching, flatulence
18
Q

Toxoplasmosis

  • affects
  • deadly to who
A
  • brain, eyes, liver and other organs leading to encephalitis and death
  • immunocompromised (AIDS)
19
Q

Metronidazole

  • Use
  • M/A
  • A/E
  • When to stop
  • Drug interactions
  • Pregnancy
A
  • used to treat symptomatic intestinal amebiasis and systemic amebiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis
  • Alters synthesis of DNA
  • NVD, HA, dry mouth, *Metallic taste, Stomatitis, insomnia, vertigo, weakness
  • 1st sign of neuro issues
  • Alchohol, Warfarin (decrease dose), Phenytoin, lithium, fluouracil, cyclosporine, and tarcilimus
  • Avoid 1st trimester
20
Q

What is scabies

  • where infected
  • manifests as
  • transmitted
A

infestation with mites

  • elbows, nipples, navel, genital region and web on fingers
  • itching
  • towels, linen or clothing
21
Q

Pediculosis is

-where

A

Infestation with lice

  • Phthirus pubis ( Pubic lice)
  • Pediculuc humanus capitits- (Head Louse)
  • Pediculus humanus corporis (Body louse)
22
Q

Permenthrin

  • M/A
  • Failure %
  • A/E
A
  • killing mites, lice and their ova by causing paralysis
  • 5% missed
  • Itching, erythema, Edema, buring, stinging and numbness
23
Q

Malathion

  • Use
  • A/E
A
  • Kill lice and ova

- devoid serious A/E

24
Q

Heroin

  • Age group
  • Behavioral effects
  • Route(s)
A
  • 18-25, social
  • 45 sec orgasm, Euphoria, N/V
  • IV, Smoking, Nasal- Lipid Soluble
25
Q

Meperidine

  • Who
  • Why (A/E)
A
  • Nurses and physicians

- No exterior signs, Less urinary retention and constipation

26
Q

Oxycodone

  • toxicity
  • antagonist
A
  • Classic Triad *Respiratory Depression, *Coma, *Pinpoint pupils
  • Naloxone, Nalmefene
27
Q

Opioid

  • Tolerance
  • Physical Dependence
A
  • Euphoria, resp. depression, N, Pain effects

Pharm (1 decks)

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