Ch. 4.5

Question 1

What are 2-3 parts of an IPv6 packet?

Answer 1

Header
Optional Extension
Payload

Question 2

Is the Main Header in IPv6 a fixed length?

How about a IPv4 header?

Answer 2

IPv6: Yes, it’s fixed

IPv4: No, can be changed

Question 3

What are these fields used for?

Traffic Class

Answer 3

Describes packet’s priority

Question 4

What are these fields used for?

Flow Label

Answer 4

QoS management (real time streams)

Question 5

What are these fields used for?

Payload Length

What’s the maximum length of a payload?

Answer 5

Indicates length of payload

Maximum of 64KB

Question 6

What happens if Payload Length is bigger than the maximum length?

Answer 6

The value is set to 0

The special Jumbo Payload of 4GB is established

Question 7

What are these fields used for?

Next Header

Answer 7

Describes next extension header

OR

Is where actual payload begins

Question 8

What are these fields used for?

Hop Limit

Answer 8

Replaces TTL field and performs same function

Question 9

What is Canonical Notation for IPv6 address?

Answer 9

Hex double bytes with colon delimitations and 0 compression

Example
2001:db8::abc:0:def0:1234

Question 10

Can you use a double colon compression once or twice in Canonical Notation?

Answer 10

Once only

Question 11

What do you have to do if you put an IPv6 address in a URL?

Answer 11

Put the IPv6 Address in brackets []

https://[2001:db8::abc:0:def0:1234]/index.htm

Question 12

How is an IPv6 address formated?

Answer 12

First 64 bit is Network ID
Second 64 bit is Interface ID

Question 13

2001:db8:3c4d::/48

What does the /48 mean?

Answer 13

The length of network prefix in bits

Question 14

Can IPv6 use Unicast?
Can IPv6 use Broadcast?
Can IPv6 use Multicast?
Can IPv6 use Anycast?

Answer 14

Yes
No
Yes
Yes

Question 15

What does globally scoped address mean?

Answer 15

Routable over the internet

Question 16

What indicate an address is globally scoped?

In Hex format?

Answer 16

The first 3 bits are 001

0010 or 0011

Question 17

What part of the IPv6 addressing is before the Interface ID?

Answer 17

16 bit Subnet mask
.
.

Question 18

How long is the Interface ID?

Answer 18

64 bit

Question 19

What’s the first way to get the 64 bit interface ID?

Answer 19

Using the 48 bit MAC address through the EUI -64 (Extended Unique Identifier-64)

Question 20

During the EUI-64, what is done? (2)

Answer 20

Add fffe in the middle of the MAC address

Flip the 7th bit

Question 21

What’s the second way to get the 64 bit interface ID?

Answer 21

Privacy Extensions

Client uses pseudorandom temporary interface ID or Token

Question 22

What is Link Local Addressing?

Answer 22

Spans a single subnet.

Question 23

What is the link local range in IPv6?

Answer 23

fe80::/10

Starts w/ fe80 and the next 54 bits are set to 0

Question 24

What is Link Local Address range in IPv4?

Answer 24

APIPA
169.254.0.0

Question 25

Does an IPv6 host always have a link local address for each link?

Answer 25

Yes

Question 26

Why is a zone index (scope id) important?

Answer 26

Used for Link Local Addresses It's how to tell multiple local ports apart for local communications.

Question 27

What is the zone index in Windows or Linux?

Answer 27

Windows: %1 Linux: %eth0

Question 28

What are the first 8 bits on a multicast?

Answer 28

1111 1111 or ff

Question 29

What are the parts of a multicast? (4)

Answer 29

First 8 bits: ff Next 4 bits: 0000 or Sets flag types Next 4 bits: Determines scope 1 is node-local 2 is link local Last 112 bits: Define multicast groups in scope

Question 30

What is MLD protocol stand for? What does it do?

Answer 30

Multicast Listener Discovery Allows nodes to join multicast group and see if members are present on local subnet

Question 31

Are broadcast addresses part of IPv6?

Answer 31

No

Question 32

What is ND protocol stand for? What is it?

Answer 32

Neighbor Discover Used by IPv6 to replace ARP

Question 33

What is ARP for?

Answer 33

Address Resolution Protocol Maps out MAC addresess to IP addresses

Question 34

Can IPv6 use Unicast? Can IPv6 use Broadcast? Can IPv6 use Multicast? Can IPv6 use Anycast?

Answer 34

Yes No Yes Yes

Question 35

What is Dual Stack?

Answer 35

Runs both IPv4 and IPv6

Question 36

What is tunneling?

Answer 36

Alternative to dual stack Deliver IPv6 packets to IPv4 networks . Puts IPv6 packets in IPv4 packets

Question 37

What prefix does tunneling 6to4 use?

Answer 37

2002::/16

Question 38

What has 6to4 been replaced with?

Answer 38

6RD (Rapid Deployment) The 2002::/16 prefix is replaced by ISP

Question 39

How does Microsoft provide support for Tunneling?

Answer 39

Teredo protocol. Uses 3544/UDP

Question 40

What is NAT64?

Answer 40

Transition IPv4 to IPv6

Question 41

What prefix does NAT64 use?

Answer 41

64:ff9b::/96

Question 42

What is the Global Unicast prefix? What is the Leading Hex Characters?

Answer 42

2000::3 2 and 3

Question 43

What is the Link Local Unicast prefix? What is the Leading Hex Characters?

Answer 43

fe80::/10 fe80

Question 44

What is the Multicast unicast prefix? What is the Leading Hex Characters?

Answer 44

fe80::/8 ff ff02::1 (all nodes)

Question 45

What is the Multicast (Link Local) prefix? What is the Leading Hex Characters?

Answer 45

ff02::/16 ff02::2 (all routers) ff02::1:2 (DHCP)

Question 46

What is the Solicited-node prefix? What is the Leading Hex Characters?

Answer 46

ff02::1:ff00:0/104 ff02::1:ff

Question 47

What is the Unspecified prefix? What is the Leading Hex Characters?

Answer 47

::/128 0::0

Question 48

What is the Loopback prefix? What is the Leading Hex Characters?

Answer 48

::1/128 ::1

Question 49

What is the Documentation/Examples prefix? What is the Leading Hex Characters?

Answer 49

2001:db8::/32 2001:db8

Question 50

What is the Unspecified address prefix?

Answer 50

0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0

Question 51

Describe the 3 parts of the 1st half of Network ID.

Answer 51

3 bit Global Routing Prefix (001) 45 bit Network ID 16 bit Subnet =64 bits