Ch 47 (test 1)

Question 1

touch pressure and vibration are all associates with what kind of receptor

Answer 1

tactile–>mechanoreceptor

Question 2

6 types of tactile receptors, where found, detect what kind of senses

Answer 2

1) Free n. endings-on skin, touch and pressure
2) Meissners corpuscle-fingertips-touch
3) Merkels disc-fingertips-touch
4) tactile hair-initial contact-hair end organ
5) Ruffinis endings-deep skin-continuous deep sensation
6) Pacinian corpuscles-super and deep skin-rapid compression (adapts quickly)

Question 3

receptive field size and adaptation rate of meissners, pacinian, merkels disk, ruffinis ending

Answer 3

Meissners–Small/Rapid
Pacinian–Large/Rapid
Merkels–Small/Slow
Ruffinis–Large/Slow

Question 4

most tactile receptors are what type of sensory fiber

Answer 4

type A beta

Question 5

free nerve endings are what type of sensory fiber

Answer 5

A delta and C

Question 6

what are the 2 sensory pathways to the CNS

Answer 6

• Dorsal column-Medial Lemniscal (DC-ML)

- Anterolateral

Question 7

what senses use the anterolateral pathway

Answer 7

• pain
• thermal
• touch
• tickle
• sexual sensations

Question 8

what senses use the DC-ML

Answer 8

• localized touch
• rapid transmission touch
• vibrations
• proprioception
• fine pressure

Question 9

which fibers are smaller, those that use the DC-ML or Anterolateral pathway

Answer 9

anterolateral–small, unmyelinated

Question 10

define pathway of DC-ML

Answer 10

• enter cord and ascend thru dorsal column
• synapse and decussates in medulla
• continues to thalamus via medial lemniscus
• synapse in thalamas, sent to SSA1

Question 11

define pathway of anterolateral path

Answer 11

• synapses and decussates in cord
• ascends thru spinothalamic/anterolateral column to thalamus
• synapse in thalamus, sent to SSA1

Question 12

what are the subregions of the dorsal column

Answer 12

fasciculus cuneatus

fasciculus gracilis

Question 13

which subregion of the dorsal column is lateral/medial

Answer 13

lateral-fasciculus cuneatus

medial–fasciculus gracilis

Question 14

the ____ subregion of the dorsal column gets sensory info from C1-T6

Answer 14

fasciculus cuneatus

Question 15

the ____ subregion of the dorsal column gets sensory info from T7-down

Answer 15

fasciculus gracilis

Question 16

the sensory signal enters in which region of the cerebral cortex cell bodies

Answer 16

section IV

Question 17

which area of the SSA1 is known as Brodmans areas

Answer 17

5 and 7a

Question 18

define lateral inhibition

Answer 18

blocks lateral spread of excitatory signals

Question 19

muscle spindles determin what via proprioception

Answer 19

joint angulation

Question 20

what sensors are used for extreme joint angulation and movements of tendons, ligaments, and deep tissues

Answer 20

• ruffinis
• golgi tendon apparatus
• pacinian

Question 21

characteristics of the anterolateral pathway system

Answer 21

• -slower velocities (A delta and C)
• -poor degree of spatial localization (less lateral inhibition)
• -less accurate gradations of intensities
• -low ability to transmit rapid changing or repetitive signals