Ch 49 Drugs to Treat Anemias Flashcards
(38 cards)
What is plasma?
the liquid part of blood; contains proteins essential for the immune response and blood clotting
Leukocytes
WBC - part of the immune system
Erythrocytes
RBC - carry oxygen to the tissues and remove carbon dioxide
Why is iron needed to make healthy RBC?
iron helps to form hemoglobin rings to carry the oxygen
Why is vitamin B12 and Folic Acid needed to make healthy RBC?
to form a supporting structure that can survive being battered through blood vessels for 120 days
Why are amino acids and carbohydrates needed to make health RBC?
to complete the hemoglobin rings, cell membrane, and basic structure
What are the types of anemias?
Iron Deficiency Anemia, Megaloblastic Anemia, Sickle Cell Anemia
When is folic acid the most important?
most important in pregnancy, prevents defects in fetus, a deficiency can cause stillbirth
When is the ideal time for a women to begin supplementing vitamin B12 when planning for a family?
3-6 months before pregnancy
What group does Sickle Cell anemia affect?
African Americans
Who is at risk for Iron Deficiency Anemia?
menstruating women, pregnant and nursing women, rapidly growing adolescents, person with GI bleed
Who is at risk for Megaloblastic Anemia (Folic Acid)?
secondary to increased demand, absorption problems in the small intestine, drugs that cause folate deficiencies, secondary to the malnutrition of alcoholism
Who is at risk for Megaloblastic Anemia (Vitamin b12) ?
poor diet or increased demand
lack of intrinsic factor in the stomach
What is the medication ending for Erythropoiesis -Stimulating Agents?
poetin
What are examples of medication of Erythropoiesis -Stimulating Agents?
Epoetin Alfa (Epogen, Procrit)
What is the route for Erythropoiesis -Stimulating Agents?
subcutaneous; given in the abdomen
what is the action of Erythropoiesis -Stimulating Agents?
stimulate bone marrow to make more red blood cells
what are Erythropoiesis -Stimulating Agents used for?
Anemia associated with renal failure and AIDS
What are the adverse affects of Erythropoiesis -Stimulating Agents?
hypertension
headache
dizziness
weakness
GI upset
What should a nurse consider when giving Erythropoiesis -Stimulating Agents?
do not use if a patient has uncontrolled hypertension
do not give if patient has allergy to human albumin
check hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet values
What is a medication example of Iron Deficiency Anemia Agents?
Ferrous Sulfate (Feratab)
Iron Sucrose (Venofer)
What is the route of Iron Deficiency Anemia Agents?
PO/IV
What is the action of Iron Deficiency Anemia Agents?
elevate serum Iron concentration
What is Iron Deficiency Anemia Agents used for?
iron deficient anemia
adjunct treatment with Epoetin Alfa
