CH 5 Networking

Question 1

What are network devices?

Answer 1

Network devices are the physical components that make up a computer network. They allow users and devices to connect and communicate with each other.

Question 2

What are the two types of network devices?

Answer 2

he two main types of network devices are end devices (host devices) and intermediary devices.

Question 3

What are end devices?

Answer 3

End devices are the devices that users interact with directly, such as computers, smartphones, tablets, printers, and scanners.

Question 4

What are intermediary devices?

Answer 4

Intermediary devices connect end devices together and ensure data flows from one device to another. Examples include switches, routers, wireless routers, access points, and modems.

Question 5

What are the different types of network topologies?

Answer 5

Common network topologies include PAN (personal area network), LAN (local area network), VLAN (virtual LAN), WLAN (wireless LAN), WMN (wireless mesh network), MAN (metropolitan area network), WAN (wide area network), and VPN (virtual private network).

Question 6

Question:
How has internet connection technology evolved?

Answer 6

Internet connection technology has evolved from analog telephone connections to broadband connections. Broadband uses different frequencies to send multiple signals over the same medium, allowing for faster data transmission.

Question 7

What are some common types of broadband internet connections?

Answer 7

Common broadband connections include cable, DSL, fiber, satellite, and cellular.

Question 8

How does a DSL connection work?

Answer 8

DSL uses existing telephone lines to transmit data and voice signals on different frequencies. A DSL filter prevents DSL signals from interfering with phone signals.

Question 9

How does a satellite internet connection work?

Answer 9

Satellite internet uses a satellite dish to transmit and receive signals to and from a satellite that relays these signals back to a service provider. Download speeds can be slower than cable or DSL, and latency can be higher.

Question 10

What are transport layer protocols?

Answer 10

Transport layer protocols are responsible for ensuring reliable data delivery between applications on a network.

Question 11

What are the two main transport layer protocols?

Answer 11

The two main transport layer protocols are TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol).

Question 12

What is TCP?

Answer 12

TCP is a reliable transport layer protocol that ensures all data segments arrive at the destination in the correct order. It uses sequence numbers, acknowledgments, and retransmissions to guarantee reliable data delivery.

Question 13

What is UDP?

Answer 13

UDP is a connectionless transport layer protocol that provides best-effort delivery. It prioritizes speed over reliability and does not guarantee that data will arrive at the destination or in the correct order.

Question 14

What are application port numbers?

Answer 14

Application port numbers are used by TCP and UDP to identify the applications that should handle the data. Source port numbers are associated with the sending application, and destination port numbers are associated with the receiving application.

Question 15

What are some common wireless protocols?

Answer 15

Common wireless protocols include Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11 standards), Bluetooth, NFC (Near Field Communication), RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), Zigbee, and Z-Wave.

Question 16

What are network services?

Answer 16

Network services are applications running on a network that provide specific functionalities to client devices. These services typically run on servers and are accessed by clients using software applications.

Question 17

What is an example of a network service?

Answer 17

Examples of network services include DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) for automatic IP address assignment, DNS (Domain Name System) for translating domain names into IP addresses, web services for accessing websites, email services for sending and receiving emails, and file services for sharing files.

Question 18

What is a network interface card (NIC)?

Answer 18

A NIC provides the physical connection to a network for a device like a computer. There are different NIC types, like Ethernet for wired connections and wireless for Wi-Fi networks. Most modern computers have built-in NICs.

Question 19

What is the function of a NIC?

Answer 19

Assigning a unique Media Access Control (MAC) address to the device.
Sending and receiving data packets over the network.

Question 20

What are repeaters, hubs, and bridges (legacy devices)?

Answer 20

Regenerate weak network signals to extend their reach.

Question 21

Hubs:

Answer 21

Extend network reach by regenerating electrical signals.
Broadcast data to all connected devices (not ideal for performance).

Question 22

Bridges:

Answer 22

Divide LANs into segments to reduce network traffic.
Forward data only to the intended device on the other segment.

Question 23

Why are switches preferred over hubs and bridges?

Answer 23

Switches offer better performance by using MAC addresses to:

Segment the network into microsegments.
Forward data only to the designated recipient device.

Question 24

What are the different types of switches?

Answer 24

Managed switches:
Offer more features and configurability for network administrators (used in larger networks).
Unmanaged switches: Plug-and-play, ideal for home or small business networks.

Question 25

What is a wireless access point (AP)?

Answer 25

A wireless AP provides network access to wireless devices like laptops and tablets using radio waves. Multiple APs may be needed for large areas.

Question 26

What is the difference between a router and a switch?

Answer 26

Switches:
Forward data within a network segment using MAC addresses.
Routers: Connect different networks and forward data between them using IP addresses. Routers can also include switch and wireless AP functionalities (multipurpose devices).

Question 27

What is a firewall?

Answer 27

A firewall is a security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic, protecting the network from unauthorized access. Firewalls can be integrated into routers or be standalone devices.

Question 28

How do IDSs and IPSs differ?

Answer 28

Intrusion Detection System (IDS): Passively monitors network traffic for suspicious activity and alerts network administrators.
Intrusion Prevention System (IPS):
Actively blocks malicious traffic from entering the network.

Question 29

What is a UTM (Unified Threat Management) device?

Answer 29

A UTM combines various security functionalities into a single appliance, including:

IDS/IPS
Stateful firewall
Additional security features like anti-malware and anti-spam protection

Question 30

What is an endpoint management server?

Answer 30

An endpoint management server monitors and enforces security policies on all devices connected to the network, including desktops, laptops, and mobile devices.