Ch. 5 - Organ Systems Flashcards
(26 cards)
1
Q
Organs
A
Structure made up of two or more kinds of tissues that can perform more complex function than a single tissue
2
Q
Organ System
A
Group of organs that performs more complex function that can any organ alone
3
Q
Integumentary System
A
- One organ, the skin
- Skin appendages
- Hair
- Nails
- Microscopic sense receptors
- Sweat glands
- Oil glands
- Primary function is protection
- Regulates body temperature
- Synthesis of chemicals
- Sense organ
4
Q
Skeletal System
A
- Bones are the organs of the skeletal system
- 206 named bones in the skeleton
- Function includes supporting framework for entire body and protection of brain and internal organs
- Movement with joints and muscles
- Storage of minerals
- Formation of blood cells
5
Q
Cartilage
A
- Connects and cushions joined bones
6
Q
Ligaments
A
- Bands of fibrous tissue that hold bones together
7
Q
Joints
A
- Connections between bones that make movement possible
8
Q
Muscular System
A
- Muscles are the primary organs
- Voluntary or striated skeletal muscle
- Involuntary or smooth muscle tissue in walls of some organs
- Cardiac muscle in wall of the heart
- Functions includes movement
9
Q
Nervous System
A
- Includes Central nervous system (CNS) and Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
- Functions includes communication between body organs
- Integration of body functions
- Control of body functions
- Recognition of sensory stimuli
10
Q
Central Nervous System (CNS)
A
- Brain
- Spinal cord
11
Q
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
A
- Cranial nerves and their branches
- Spinal nerves and their branches
- Sense organs
12
Q
Endocrine System
A
- Pituitary gland
- Pineal gland
- Hypothalamus
- Thyroid glands
- Parathyroid glands
- Thymus gland
- Adrenal glands
- Pancreas
- Ovaries (female)
- Testes (male)
- Same as the nervous system: communication, integration, and control
- Control is slow and of long duration
13
Q
Cardiovascular System
A
- Heart
- Blood vessels
- Referred as circulatory system
- Function is transportation of substances throughout the body
- Regulation of body temperature
- Immunity (body defense)
14
Q
Lymphatic System
A
- Lymphatic vessels
- Lymph nodes and tonsils
- Thymus
- Spleen
- Function is transportation of lymph
- Immunity
15
Q
Immune System
A
- Phagocytes
- Secretory cells
- Function: Phagocytosis of bacteria
- Chemical reactions that provide protection from harmful agents
16
Q
Phagocytes
A
- Protective cells
17
Q
Secretory cells
A
Defensive protein compounds
- Antibodies
- Complements
18
Q
Respiratory System
A
- Nose
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Lungs
19
Q
Respiratory System: Functions
A
- Exchange of waste gas (carbon dioxide) for oxygen in the alveoli of the lungs
- Filtration of irritants from inspired air
- Regulation of acid-base balance
20
Q
Digestive System
A
- Mouth
- Pharynx
- Esophagus
- Stomach
- Small intestine
- Large intestine
- Rectum
- Anal canal
Accessory organs
- Teeth
- Salivary glands
- Tongue
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Pancreas
- Appendix
21
Q
Digestive System: Functions
A
- Mechanical and chemical breakdown (digestion) of food
- Absorption of nutrients
- Elimination of undigested waste product - feces
- Appendix holds bacteria that assist digestion
21
Q
Urinary System
A
- Kidneys
- Ureters
- Urinary bladder
- Urethra (part of both urinary and reproductive systems in males)
22
Q
Urinary System: Functions
A
- “Clearing” or cleaning blood of waste products - urine
- Electrolyte balance
- Water balance
- Acid-base balance
23
Q
Male Reproductive System
A
- Gonads – Testes
- Vas deferens
- Urethra
- Prostate
- External genitalia (penis and scrotum)
24
Female Reproductive System
- Gonads -- ovaries
- Uterus
- Uterine (fallopian) tubes
- Vagina
- External genitalia (vulva)
- Mammary glands (breast)
25
Reproductive System - Function
- Survival of genes
- Production of sex cells
- Male: sperm
- Female: Ova
- Transfer and fertilization of sex cells
- Development and birth of offspring
- Nourishment of offspring
- Production of sex hormones
