Ch 5.1

Question 1

What is the chemical formula for Sodium Chloride (Salt)?

Answer 1

NaCl

Formed from a 1:1 ratio of sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl⁻) ions.

Question 2

How is Sodium Chloride (Salt) formed?

Answer 2

By the reaction of reactive sodium metal and poisonous chlorine gas

This process involves a chemical reaction between the two elements.

Question 3

What are the properties of Sodium Chloride (Salt)?

Answer 3

• Stable
• Safe
• Essential for life

Unlike its reactive elements, salt is a stable compound.

Question 4

What biological roles do sodium and chloride ions play?

Answer 4

• Regulate fluid balance
• Support nerve function
• Support respiratory function

These roles are crucial for maintaining physiological homeostasis.

Question 5

Give an example of a chemical reaction involving Sodium Chloride.

Answer 5

Elements combining to form a compound with entirely different properties

This illustrates the transformation that occurs during chemical reactions.

Question 6

What is the chemical formula for Sugar (Sucrose)?

Answer 6

C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁

Sugar is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Question 7

What are the properties of Sugar (Sucrose)?

Answer 7

Despite looking similar to salt, sugar has very different chemical and physical characteristics

This highlights the diversity of compounds in chemistry.

Question 8

What happens to sugar when it is heated?

Answer 8

It breaks down into carbon and water vapor

This decomposition process showcases the chemical changes sugar undergoes.

Question 9

How does the complexity of synthesizing sugar compare to that of salt?

Answer 9

Harder to synthesize than salt, but easier to break down

This reflects the differences in chemical structure and bonding.

Question 10

What key concept is highlighted by the properties of compounds?

Answer 10

Compounds have properties that are very different from the elements that make them up

This emphasizes the fundamental nature of chemical change.