Ch. 6 Flashcards
(133 cards)
1
Q
antagonist
A
muscle that counteracts the action of another muscle
2
Q
agonist
A
muscle that is primary in a given movement
3
Q
synergist
A
muscle that acts with another muscle to produce and assist movement
4
Q
tonicity
A
muscles help to maintain posture through a continual partial contraction of skeletal muscles
5
Q
agon/o
A
agony, a contest
6
Q
amputat/o
A
to cut through
7
Q
brach/i, brachi/o
A
arm
8
Q
cleid/o
A
clavicle
9
Q
dactyl/o
A
finger or toe
10
Q
dermat/o
A
skin
11
Q
duct/o
A
to lead
12
Q
fasci/o
A
a band
13
Q
fibr/o
A
fiber
14
Q
is/o
A
equal
15
Q
mast/o
A
mastoid process
16
Q
metr/o
A
to measure
17
Q
muscul/o
A
muscle
18
Q
my/o
A
muscle
19
Q
nuer/o
A
nerve
20
Q
path/o
A
disease
21
Q
prosth/e
A
an addition
22
Q
rhabd/o
A
rod
23
Q
rheumat/o
A
discharge
24
Q
rotat/o
A
to turn
25
sarc/o
flesh
26
scler/o
hardening
27
stern/o
sternum
28
synov/o
synovial
29
ten/o
tendon
30
therm/o
hot, heat
31
ton/o
tone, tension
32
tors/o
twisted
33
tort/i
twisted
34
tract/o
to draw
35
troph/o
nourishment, development
36
volunt/o
will
37
collis
neck
38
gravis
grave
39
levat
lifter
40
log
study
41
relaxat
to loosen
42
sert
to gain
43
spastic
convulsive
44
abductor
muscle that on contraction draws away from the middle
45
adductor
muscle that draws a part toward the middle
46
amputation
surgical or traumatic removal of a limb, part, or other appendage
47
aponeurosis
A strong, flat sheet of fibrous connective tissue that serves as a tendon to attach muscles to bone or as fascia to bind muscles together or to other tissues at their origin or insertion
48
ataxia
lack of muscular coordination
49
atonic
pertaining to a lack of normal tone or tension
50
atrophy
lack of nourishment
51
biceps
muscle with two heads or points of origin
52
brachialgia
pain in the arm
53
bradykinesia
slowness of motion or movement
54
contraction
process of drawing up and thickening of a muscle fiber
55
contracture
A fibrosis of connective tissue in skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint. With a muscular contracture, a muscle shortens and renders the muscle resistant to the normal stretching process
56
dactylospasm
cramp of a finger or toe
57
dermatomyositis
Acute or chronic disease with systemic pathology; inflammation of the muscles and the skin; a connective tissue disease characterized by edema, dermatitis, and inflammation of the muscles
58
diaphragm
partition of muscles and membranes that separates the chest cavity and the abdominal cavity. it is the major muscle of breathing
59
diathermy
treatment using high frequency current to produce heat within a part of the body: used to increase blood flow
60
dystonia
condition of impaired muscle tone
61
dystrophin
protein found in muscle cells. if absent, muscle wasting occurs
62
dystrophy
any condition of abnormal development caused by defective nourishment, often noted by the degeneration of muscles
63
exercise
performed activity of the muscles for improvement of health or correction of deformity
64
fascia
thin layer of connective tissue covering, supporting, or connecting the muscles or inner organs of the body
65
fascilitis
inflammation of a fascia
66
fatigue
state of tiredness occurring in a muscle as a result of repeated contractions
67
fibromyalgia syndrome
Disorder that affects the muscles and soft tissue; symptoms include chronic muscle pain (myalgia), fatigue, sleep disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, depression, and chronic headaches. Although the exact cause is still unknown, fibromyalgia is often traced to an injury or physical or emotional trauma.
68
fibromyitis
inflammation of muscle and fibrous tissue
69
first aid treatment- RICE
rest, ice, compression, elevation
70
flaccid
lacking muscle tone; weak, soft, flabby
71
heat
Treatment using application of heat (thermotherapy) can be used 48–72 hours after the injury. Types of thermotherapy include heating pad, hot water bottle, hot packs, infrared light, and immersion of body part in warm wate
72
hydrotherapy
treatment using scientific application of water (hot tub, cold bath)
73
insertion
point of attachment of a muscle to the part that it moves
74
intramuscular
pertaining to within a muscle
75
isometric
pertaining to having equal measure
76
isotonic
pertaining to having the same tone or tension
77
levator
muscle that raises or elevates a part
78
massage
kneading that applies pressure and friction to external body tissues
79
muscle spasm
nvoluntary contraction of one or more muscles; usually accompanied by pain and limitation of function
80
muscular dystrophy
Refers to a group of genetic diseases characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal or voluntary muscles that control movement.
81
myalgia
pain in the muscle
82
myasthenia gravis
Chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disease characterized by varying degrees of weakness of the skeletal (voluntary) muscles of the body. Its name, which is Latin and Greek in origin, literally means grave muscle weakness. The primary symptom is muscle weakness that increases during periods of activity and improves after periods of rest.
83
myoblast
embryonic cell that develops into a cell of muscle fiber
84
myofibroma
tumor that contains muscle and fiber
85
myograph
instrument used to record muscle contractions
86
myokinesis
muscular motion or activity
87
myoma
tumor containing muscle tissue
88
myomalacia
softening of muscle tissue
89
myoparesis
weakness or slight paralysis of a muscle
90
myopathy
muscle disease
91
myoplasty
surgical repair of a muscle
92
myorrhaphy
surgical suture of a muscle wound
93
myosarcoma
malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue
94
myosclerosis
abnormal condition of hardening of muscle
95
myositis
inflammation of a muscle tissue, especially skeletal muscles
96
myospasm
spasmodic contraction of a muscle
97
myotome
surgical instrument used to cut muscle
98
myotomy
surgical incision into a muscle
99
neuromuscular
pertaining to both nerves and muscles
100
neuromyopathic
pertaining to a disease condition involving both nerves and muscles
101
polyplegia
paralysis affecting many muscles
102
position
bodily posture or attitude
103
prosthesis
artificial device used to replace an organ or body part
104
quadriceps
muscle that has four heads or points of origin
105
relaxation
process in which a muscle loosens and returns to a resting stage
106
rhabdomyoma
tumor of striated muscle tissue
107
rheumatism
general term used to describe conditions characterized by inflammation, soreness, and stiffness of muscles and pain in joints
108
rheumatology
study of rheumatic diseases
109
rigor mortis
stiffness of skeletal muscles seen in death
110
rotation
process of moving a body part around a central axis
111
rotator cuff
group of muscles and their tendons that act to stabilize the shoulder
112
sarcolemma
plasma membrane surrounding each striated muscle fiber
113
spasticity
condition of increased muscular tone causing stiff and awkward movements
114
AE
above elbow
115
AK
above knee
116
ALD
aldolase
117
ALT
alanine aminotransferase
118
BE
below elbow
119
BK
below knee
120
Ca
calcium
121
CK
creatine kinase
122
EMG
electromyography
123
FMS
fibromyalgia syndrome
124
FROM
full range of motion
125
IM
intramuscular
126
LDH, LD
lactic dehydrogenase
127
MD
muscle dystrophy
128
MG
myasthenia gravis
129
MS
musculoskeletal
130
NCI
national cancer institute
131
NIH
national institutes of health
132
ROM
range of motion
133
SOB
shortness of breath
