Ch 6

Question 1

Plurality Method

Answer 1

Candidate gets MAJORITY (50% or more) votes, they win

Question 2

Plurality w/ Elimination (Instant Runoff)

Answer 2

New Election held ELIMINATING lowest voted candidate. Next favored candidate in their place.

Question 3

Borda Count

Answer 3

Points awarded based on where candidate ranks (3, 2, 1). Multiply rank with vote.

Question 4

Pairwise Comparison

Answer 4

Candidates considered in head-to-head pairs. 1 Point for winner of pair. 1/2 Point if a tie.

Question 5

Standard Divisor (d)

Answer 5

d = Total Population / Items Allocate (Distribute) 2 Decimals

Question 6

Standard Quota (q)

Answer 6

q = Group Population / d (Standard Divisor) 2 Decimals

Question 7

Lower Quota (LQ) / Upper Quota (UQ)

Answer 7

Round Down / Round Up

Question 8

Modified Divisor (dm)

Answer 8

To find new quotas when d (Standard divisor) doesn’t distribute all items

Question 9

Modified Quota (qm)

Answer 9

New Quotas as a result of changing Standard Divisor (dm)

Question 10

Lower d (Standard Divisor)

Answer 10

If allocation is too small

Question 11

Increase d (Standard Divisor)

Answer 11

If allocation is too large

Question 12

Geometric Mean (gm)

Answer 12

gm = Square Root of (LQ) * (UQ)

Question 13

Hamilton’s

Answer 13

Find d, q, and LQ’s. Use LQ’s to allocate. Too low, add item to highest decimal candidates.

Question 14

Jefferson’s

Answer 14

Find d, q, and LQ’s. Use LQ’s to allocate. Too low, lower d. Find Modified Quotas (qm) with (Group / dm). Use modified Lower Quotas (qm) to allocate.

Question 15

Adam’s

Answer 15

Find d, q, and UQ’s. Use UQ’s to allocate. Too high, increase d. Find Modified Quotas (qm) with (Group / dm). Use modified Upper Quotas (qm) to allocate.

Question 16

Webster’s

Answer 16

Find d, q, then round Quotas normally. Either increase or decrease d accordingly.

Question 17

Huntington-Hill

Answer 17

Find d, q, LQ, UQ, GM. If Quotas is MORE/EQUAL than GM, ROUND Q UP. If Quotas is less than GM, ROUND Q DOWN