Ch 6

Question 1

Multimedia

Answer 1

Computer information can be represented through audio, video, and animation in addition to traditional media (i.e., text, graphics/drawings, images).

Question 2

Animation

Answer 2

Pictures are manipulated to appear as moving images.
The effect is achieved by a rapid succession of sequential images that minimally differ from each other.

Question 3

Frame

Answer 3

one of the many still images that compose the complete moving picture

Question 4

Frame rate

Answer 4

Is the frequency (rate) at which consecutive images called frames appear on a display.
Usually ( > 24 frames/sec → standard 30)

Question 5

Most animations are made with:

Answer 5

computer generated imagery (CGI)

Question 6

Tweening

Answer 6

Process of generating intermediate frames between two key frames(images), to give the appearance that the first image evolves smoothly into the second image

Question 7

The quality and the size of the video depends on:

Answer 7

Resolution (bit depth)
Frame rate per seconds
Frame size

Question 8

Digital video

Answer 8

series of bitmap images that, when played back, create the illusion of movement.

Question 9

Data compression

Answer 9

Encoding information using fewer bits than the original representation.

Question 10

Data compression types

Answer 10

Lossless
Lossy

Question 11

Lossless

Answer 11

Original representation can be recovered
No data will be lost
E.g. WinZip, WinRar
But: not good enough for Multimedia Data!

Question 12

Lossy

Answer 12

Recover a representation similar to the original one (more practical)
Throw away less relevant parts of the data
Examples: MP3, JPEG, MPEG Video
High compression ratios
Used mostly for images and videos

Question 13

Digital Audio

Answer 13

Using a microphone to capture sound in an analogue form (Electric Waves)
Electric wave is converted into digital data by Audio digitizer (ADC)
Digital data converted to analogue wave and played by DAC

Question 14

Sound can be:

Answer 14

Sampled – Digitally recorded
Synthesized - Generated

Question 15

Synthesizer

Answer 15

An electronic instrument that synthetically generates, creates, produces, etc. sounds using mathematical formulas

Question 16

Samplers

Answer 16

An electronic instrument which instead of generating sounds, uses recordings (or “samples”) of sounds that are loaded or recorded into it by the user

Question 17

Visualizing a Sound Wave

Answer 17

Repetitive oscillations of sound vibrations
A – Amplitude
B – Wavelength
C – Frequency

Question 18

Audio Quality

Answer 18

1) The Sampling Rate:
Number of samples taken per second (frequency)
Measured in Hertz (Hz)

2) The sample size (Bit Depth)
Bits used to represent a sample
Measured in bits

3) The number of channels
Mono or Stereo

Question 19

Audio formats (WAV/ AIFF)

Answer 19

Uncompressed audio for Windows and Mac OS

Question 20

Audio formats (MP3)

Answer 20

1/10 the size of the original

Question 21

WMA

Answer 21

An alternative to MP3 for Windows.

Question 22

Audio formats (AAC)

Answer 22

Apple’s alternative to MP3

Question 23

Audio formats (OGG)

Answer 23

Similar to MP3 → open source and freely available

Question 24

Hypertext

Answer 24

Text which contains links to other texts
Information linked in non-sequential ways.
Traversal through pages of hypertext is therefore usually non-linear.

Question 25

Hypermedia

Answer 25

Hypermedia is not constrained to be text-based, it can include other media Hypermedia: combines text, numbers graphics, animation sound, music

Question 26

Interactive Multimedia

Answer 26

Integration of digital media including electronic text, graphics, moving images, and sound, into a structured digital computerized environment that allows people to interact with the data for appropriate purposes.