Ch. 6

Question 1

organism that makes its own food using energy from the environment and carbon from inorganic molecules such as CO2

Answer 1

autotroph

Question 2

organism that obtains carbon from organic compounds assembled by other organisms

Answer 2

heterotroph

Question 3

first stage of photosynthesis; convert light energy to chemical energy

Answer 3

light-dependent reactions

Question 4

second stage of photosynthesis; use ATP and NADPH to assemble sugars from water and CO2

Answer 4

light-independent reactions

Question 5

metabolic pathway by which most autotrophs use sunlight to make sugars from carbon dioxide and water. Converts light energy to chemical energy

Answer 5

photosynthesis

Question 6

thick, cytoplasm-like fluid between the thylakoid membrane and the two outer membranes of a chloroplast

Answer 6

stroma

Question 7

inner membrane system that carries out light-dependent reactions in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria

Answer 7

thylakoid membrane

Question 8

main photosynthetic pigment in plants

Answer 8

cholorphyll a

Question 9

an organic molecule that can absorb light of certain wavelengths

Answer 9

pigment

Question 10

distance between the crests of two successive waves

Answer 10

wavelength

Question 11

process in which electron flow through electron transfer chains sets up a hydrogen ion gradient that drives ATP formation

Answer 11

electron transfer phosphorylation

Question 12

process by which light energy breaks down a molecule

Answer 12

photolysis

Question 13

large protein complex in the thylakoid membrane; consists of pigments and other molecules that collectively convert light energy to chemical energy in photosynthesis

Answer 13

photosystem

Question 14

type of plant that uses only the calvin-benson cycle to fix carbon

Answer 14

C3 plant

Question 15

cyclic carbon-fixing pathway that builds sugars from CO2; the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis

Answer 15

calvin-benson cycle

Question 16

process by which carbon from an inorganic source such as carbon dioxide is incorporated into an organic molecule

Answer 16

carbon fixation

Question 17

pathway initiated by rubisco when it attaches oxygen instead of carbon dioxide to RuBP

Answer 17

photorespiration

Question 18

Carbon-fiing enzyme of the calvin-benson cycle

Answer 18

rubisco

Question 19

gaps that open on the plant surfaces; allow water vapor and gases to diffuse into and out of plant tissues

Answer 19

stomata

Question 20

type of plant that minimizes photorespiration by fixing carbon twice, in two cell types

Answer 20

C4 plant

Question 21

type of plant that conserves water by fixing carbon twice, at different times of day

Answer 21

CAM plant