Ch. 6 Clinical Notes Flashcards
(48 cards)
heterotopic bones
dermal bones forming in abnormal locations
Fibrodysplasia Ossification Progressiva (FOP)
A rare genetic disease that causes a person to form normal bone in the wrong place after minor injury. Muscles are gradually replaced by bone
Pituitary dwarfism
inadequate production of growth hormone, causing reduced epiphyseal cartilage activity and abnormally short bones.
Treated with HGH
Gigantism
overproduction of growth hormone from puberty
acromegaly
abnormal pituitary activity after epiphyseal cartilage closes. Causes bones to get thicker, particularly in face, jaw, and hands.
Cartilage growth and changes to soft tissue affect contours of the face
Marfan’s syndrome
- inhereted metabolic condition that affects many systems
- patients are very tall with long, slender limbs due to excessive formation at epiphyseal cartilages.
- Condition affects connective tissue, causing life-threatening cardivascular problems
dermal bones forming in abnormal locations
heterotopic bones
A rare genetic disease that causes a person to form normal bone in the wrong place after minor injury. Muscles are gradually replaced by bone
Fibrodysplasia Ossification Progressiva (FOP)
inadequate production of growth hormone, causing reduced epiphyseal cartilage activity and abnormally short bones.
Treated with HGH
Pituitary dwarfism
overproduction of growth hormone from puberty
Gigantism
abnormal pituitary activity after epiphyseal cartilage closes. Causes bones to get thicker, particularly in face, jaw, and hands.
Cartilage growth and changes to soft tissue affect contours of the face
acromegaly
- inhereted metabolic condition that affects many systems
- patients are very tall with long, slender limbs due to excessive formation at epiphyseal cartilages.
- Condition affects connective tissue, causing life-threatening cardivascular problems
Marfan’s syndrome
achondroplasia
a disorder of bone growth that causes the most common type of dwarfism
bone marrow transplant
- transferring healthy bone marrow stem cells from one perosn into another
- replacing bone marrow that is either dysfunctional or has been destroyed by chemotherapy
bone mineral density test (BMD)
a test to predict the risk of bone fractures by measuring how much calcium and other types of minerals are present in the bones
bone scan
a nuclear scanning test that identifies new areas of bone growth or breakdown. Used to:
- evaluate damage
- find cancer
- monitor the bone’s condition (infection & trauma)
closed reduction
the correction of a bone fracture by manipulation without incision to the skin
dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
- procedure that uses very small amounts of radiation to measure changes in bone density (as small as 1%)
- monitors bone density in osteoperosis and osteopenia
open reduction
the correction of a fracture by making an incision into the skin and rejoining fractured bone parts. Often by mechanical means (rod, plate, or screw)
osteogenesis imperfecta (OI)
“Brittle bone disease”
An inhereted disorder characterized by extreme fragility of the bones
osteomyelitis
An acute or chronic bone infection
osteopetrosis
a rare hereditary bone disorder in which the bones become overly dense
present in one of three forms:
- osteopetrosis tarda
- osteopetrosis congenita
- ‘marble bone’ disease
osteosarcoma
(osteogenic sarcoma)
a type of cancer that starts in the bones
Paget’s disease
a chronic disorder that results in enlarged, misshapen bones due to abnormal bone destruction and regrowth
