CH. 6: Energy

Question 1

This type of ENERGY is released during CHEMICAL REACTIONS.

Answer 1

Free Energy

amount of energy RELEASED when BONDS are BROKEN

Question 2

This occurs when ENERGY is RELEASED when REACTANTS have MORE FREE ENERGY than products.

Answer 2

Exergonic Reaction

Question 3

This occurs if PRODUCTS have MORE FREE ENERGY THAN REACTANTS.

Answer 3

Endergonic Reaction

Question 4

TRUE or FALSE: endergonic reactions do not require energy input.

Answer 4

FALSE,

Endergonic reactions REQUIRE ENERGY input.

Question 5

This process GENERATES ATP DURING SUBSTANCE BREAKDOWN.

Answer 5

Catabolism

Question 6

This is a SYNTHETIC PROCESS in which SUBSTANCES are MADE USING ATP.

Answer 6

Anabolism

Question 7

This is when a METABOLIC PROCESS occurs as a series of SEQUENTIAL CHEMICAL REACTIONS.

Answer 7

Metabolic Pathway

Question 8

This this used for CELLULAR ENERGY.

Answer 8

ATP

Question 9

What are THREE (3) ways to GENERATE ATP?

Answer 9

1. Substrate Level Phosphorylation
2. Chemiosmosis
3. Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 10

What is ATP FORMED FROM?

Answer 10

ADP + P

Question 11

What is NADH FORMED FROM?

Answer 11

NAD+ (+) H+ (+) 2 Electrons

Question 12

What is FADH2 FORMED FROM?

Answer 12

FAD (+) 2 H

Question 13

This is the primary pathway used by all organisms to CONVERT GLUCOSE to PYRUVATE.

Answer 13

Glycolysis

Question 14

How is ATP GENERATED in GLYCOLYSIS?

Answer 14

Substrate Level Phosphorylation

Question 15

What are THREE (3) things ENERGY is NEEDED FOR?

Answer 15

1. Synthesis
2. Movement
3. Transport

Question 16

This is the utilization of PROTON MOTIVE FORCE to make ATP.

Answer 16

Chemiosmosis

Question 17

When CHEMIOSMOSIS is COUPLED with a process of using HIGH ENERGY MOLECULES through an ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN it results in ___________.

Answer 17

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Question 18

TRUE or FALSE: glycolysis requires oxygen.

Answer 18

FALSE,

Glycolysis DOES NOT require oxygen

Question 19

This is an ALTERNATE PATHWAY to glycolysis in which LESS ATP and NADPH are FORMED.

Answer 19

Entner Doudoroff Pathway

Question 20

This METABOLIC PATHWAY occurs if NO ADDITIONAL PATHWAYS EXIST from glycolysis.

Answer 20

Fermentation

Question 21

TRUE or FALSE: fermentation requires oxygen.

Answer 21

FALSE,

Fermentation DOES NOT require oxygen

Question 22

What needs to be REGENERATED in FERMENTATION to KEEP GLYCOLYSIS GOING?

Answer 22

NAD+

Question 23

All PROCESSES START with __________.

Answer 23

Pyruvate

Question 24

What is the END PRODUCT of FERMENTATION?

Answer 24

Organic Molecule

Question 25

Name SIX (6) types of FERMENTATION.

Answer 25

1. Lactic Acid
2. Alcohol
3. Butyric Acid
4. Propionic Acid
5. 2,3 Butanediol
6. Mixed Acid

Question 26

These are SUBSTANCES produced at SPECIFIC STEPS in metabolic pathways that can be SIPHONED OFF and used to make other molecules.

Answer 26

Precursor Metabolites

Question 27

TRUE or FALSE: precursor metabolites are used to generate ATP.

Answer 27

FALSE,

Precursor metabolites are NOT used to generate ATP

Question 28

This PATHWAY BREAKS DOWN GLUCOSE into compounds for BIOSYNTHESIS, NADPH and PRECURSOR MOLECULES.

Answer 28

Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Question 29

These are used to REDUCE INORGANIC CHEMICALS.

Answer 29

Chemolithotrops

Question 30

What are THREE (3) types of CHEMOLITHOTROPHS?

Answer 30

1. Sulfur Bacteria
2. Iron Bacteria
3. Nitrifying Bacteria

Question 31

HYDROGEN BACTERIA OXIDIZE __________.

Answer 31

Hydrogen Gas

Question 32

SULFUR BACTERIA OXIDIZE __________.

Answer 32

Hydrogen Sulfide

Question 33

IRON BACTERIA OXIDIZE __________.

Answer 33

Reduced forms of iron

Question 34

NITRIFYING BACTERIA OXIDIZE __________.

Answer 34

Ammonia to Nitrite or Nitrate

Question 35

TRUE or FALSE: some bacteria can photosynthesize.

Answer 35

TRUE